Transcriptomic and H3K27ac chromatin responses of human microglia to acute PFOS exposure and recovery

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental contaminants associated with adverse neurological effects, but their impact on microglial gene regulation remains unclear. In this study, human HMC3 microglial cells were exposed to vehicle control or perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) at 25 or 50 µM for 24 hours. RNA sequencing was used to characterize transcriptomic changes, and H3K27ac CUT&Tag was used to profile active chromatin. Additional samples were collected after PFOS withdrawal and a 24-hour recovery period to assess persistent molecular alterations. These datasets support integrated analysis of acute and persistent PFOS-induced transcriptomic and epigenetic changes in human microglia.