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Characterizing immune signatures of seasonal coronaviruses HCoV-229E and -OC43 in human nasal airway epithelial cells

GSE238079 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 10 samples Submitted 2025/07/01 Platform GPL24676
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 10 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
10 samples: 10 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groupsGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
The antiviral potential of the antiandrogen enzalutamide and the viral-androgen signaling interplay in seasonal coronavirusesJournal of medical virology · 2024
Summary (written by the submitters)
Seasonal coronaviruses, including HCoV-229E, -NL63, -OC43, and -HKU1, are prevalent worldwide, predominantly causing mild, self-limiting upper respiratory (re-)infections in adults, often presenting as the common cold. However, in individuals with compromised immune systems, these viruses may lead to more severe illness and even fatalities.
Read the full summary ↓
Recently, there has been a renewed interest in studying HCoVs due to their amenability to handling in reduced biosafety containment, offering valuable alternatives to SARS-CoV-2 for preclinical screening and the development of antiviral treatments. Despite their significance, research on HCoVs has been hindered by limited host-genomic data. To address this, we performed RNA-sequencing on 3D air-liquid interface human nasal airway epithelial cells (hNECs) infected with the alphacoronavirus HCoV-229E and the betacoronavirus HCoV-OC43. These hNECs were derived from pooled adult donors and exhibited pseudostratified mucociliated differentiation, faithfully replicating the complexities of normal airway biology. Our study aimed to identify specific immune signatures associated with HCoV infections in a physiologically relevant model. By elucidating the host responses induced by different seasonal coronaviruses, we can gain valuable insights into their pathogenesis and interactions with the respiratory epithelium. This knowledge may pave the way for the development of targeted therapeutics and prophylactics to combat HCoV infections effectively.
Published in
The antiviral potential of the antiandrogen enzalutamide and the viral-androgen signaling interplay in seasonal coronaviruses
Ogunjinmi OD, Abdullahi T, Somji RA et al. · Journal of medical virology 2024 · PMID 38529542 · doi:10.1002/jmv.29540
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE238079_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA997930 and SRA study SRP451031. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
10 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groups

Any grouping that defines a comparison lives in the sample characteristics, which GEO records separately from the titles.

How we read this: Read from 10 sample titles: 10 distinct titles with little repetition. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.