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Microglia Depletion Reduces Human Neuronal APOE4-Driven Pathologies in a Chimeric Alzheimer’s Disease Model

GSE248020 Mus musculus Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing 5 samples Submitted 2024/10/25 Platform GPL24247
Summary
Despite strong evidence supporting the involvement of both apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) and microglia in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) pathogenesis, the effects of microglia on neuronal APOE4-driven AD pathogenesis remain elusive. Here, we examined such effects utilizing microglial depletion in a chimeric model with human neurons in mouse hippocampus. Specifically, we transplanted homozygous APOE4, isogenic APOE3, and APOE-knockout (APOE-KO) induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived human neurons into the hippocampus of human APOE3 or APOE4 knock-in mice, and depleted microglia in half the chimeric mice. We found that both neuronal APOE and microglial presence were important for the formation of Aβ and tau pathologies in an APOE isoform-dependent manner (APOE4 > APOE3). Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis identified two pro-inflammatory microglial subtypes with high MHC-II gene expression that are enriched in chimeric mice with human APOE4 neuron transplants. These findings highlight the concerted roles of neuronal APOE, especially APOE4, and microglia in AD pathogenesis.
Published in
Microglia depletion reduces human neuronal APOE4-related pathologies in a chimeric Alzheimer's disease model
Rao A, Chen N, Kim MJ et al. · Cell stem cell 2025 · PMID 39500314 · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2024.10.005
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Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1041411 and SRA study SRP472430. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

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