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Sensory Flicker Stimulation of 5xFAD Mice Activates Immune Pathways in a Frequency and Time Dependent Manner

GSE255004 Mus musculus (mouse) RNA-seq (gene expression) 176 samples Submitted 2025/06/13 Platform GPL24247
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · mouse · 176 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Mus musculus (mouse)
Samples
176 samples: 176 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groupsGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Summary (written by the submitters)
We previously showed that exposing wild-type mice to 40Hz, but not 20Hz, visual flickering stimulation led to activation of MAPK and NFκB pathway signaling in the visual cortex within 15mins of stimulation and up-regulation of cytokines/chemokines that modulate microglia activity after 1hr.
Read the full summary ↓
These observed frequency-dependent effects suggest that targeted frequencies, as well as durations of stimulation, hold the potential to fine-tune the effects of sensory stimulation on immune pathways, as well as possibly other pathways with the potential to correct the molecular changes associated with Alzheimer’s disease. To test this, we exposed 5xFAD mice and wild-type littermates to different frequencies of audio/visual flicker stimulation (ambient light, 10Hz, 20Hz, 40Hz) for durations of 0.5hr, 1hr, or 4hr, then used bulk RNAseq to profile transcriptional changes within the visual cortex and hippocampus. Within 5xFAD mice, we found that 1hr of stimulation yielded up-regulation immune-related pathways, but that these were no longer observed after 4hr of stimulation. In contrast, all three frequencies yielded consistent up-regulation of neurotransmission pathways at 1hr and 4hr. Importantly, a subset of genes sets were co-regulated between the visual cortex and hippocampus, suggesting that combined visual/audio flicker can target deep brain regions affected by Alzheimer’s disease. Collectively, our data indicate that specific durations and frequencies of audio/visual stimulation can be used to elicit particular changes in brain immunity and neuronal functions, supporting the importance of this non-invasive methodology to tune the brain for treatment of diverse neurological diseases
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE255004_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1073179 and SRA study SRP488010. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
176 samples, each with a distinct title — no replicated groups

Any grouping that defines a comparison lives in the sample characteristics, which GEO records separately from the titles.

How we read this: Read from 176 sample titles: 176 distinct titles with little repetition. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study

+ 136 more — browse all 176 samples with per-sample file links →

Datasets on a similar topic

Search all mouse RNA-seq datasets in GEO →

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Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.