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Macrophage response and lung injury from thoacic RT is enhanced by subsequent influenza infection II

GSE270113 Mus musculus Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing 4 samples Submitted 2026/05/11 Platform GPL24247
Summary
Infiltrating monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) have been found to drive radiation (RT) induced lung injury (RILI). RILI is enhanced by subsequent influenza A virus (IAV) infection, leading us to hypothesize that the irradiated lung microenvironment alters macrophage dynamics and functioning following IAV. CD45+ immune cells were isolated from the lungs of C57Bl/6J mice that had been exposed to RT, IAV, RT plus IAV, or vehicle control. IAV inoculation occurred 1 week post RT and lungs were harvested 1 following IAV inoculation. Whereas RT alone did not increase MDMs, they were increased in the flu conditions and were the most elevated from combined exposure to both RT and IAV. The proportions of immature MDMs were also greater after RT plus IAV when compared to IAV alone. MDM also expressed markers indicative of a pro-inflammatory phenotype and CD45+ cells had elevated inflammatory cytokines in mice exposed to both RT and IAV. This suggests that lung RT impaired MDM differentiation. These findings support a role for MDMs in the sensitivity of the lung to RILI.
Published in
Influenza A Virus after Radiotherapy Amplifies Lung Injury and Monocyte-derived Macrophage Responses
Groves AM, Johnston CJ, Paris ND et al. · American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology 2026 · PMID 40737367 · doi:10.1165/rcmb.2025-0113OC
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Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1125017 and SRA study SRP514465. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

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