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cPRC1.2 and CTCF-Mediated Transition from Poised to Active Chromatin Loops Drives Bivalent Gene Activation

GSE278946 Homo sapiens (human) ChIP-seq / ATAC-seq (genome binding and open chromatin) 43 samples Submitted 2025/01/28 Platform GPL24676Platform GPL24247
At a glance

ChIP-seq / ATAC-seq (genome binding and open chromatin) · human · 43 samples

What it is
ChIP-seq / ATAC-seq (genome binding and open chromatin)Where proteins bind the genome, or which regions are open and active.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
43 samples: 13 conditions, mostly in duplicateGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
PRC1 and CTCF-Mediated Transition from Poised to Active Chromatin Loops Drives Bivalent Gene ActivationbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
Summary (written by the submitters)
Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) and CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) are critical regulators of 3D chromatin architecture that influence cellular transcriptional programs. Spatial chromatin structures comprise conserved compartments, topologically associating domains (TADs), and dynamic, cell-type-specific chromatin loops. Although the role of CTCF in chromatin organization is well-known, the involvement of PRC1 is less understood.
Read the full summary ↓
In this study, we identified an unexpected, essential role for the canonical Pcgf2-containing PRC1 complex (cPRC1.2), a known transcriptional repressor, in activating bivalent genes during differentiation. Our Hi-C analysis revealed that cPRC1.2 forms chromatin loops at bivalent promoters, rendering them silent yet poised for activation. Using mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing, we found that the loss of Pcgf2, though not affecting the global level of H2AK119ub1, disrupts these cPRC1.2 loops in ESCs and impairs the transcriptional induction of crucial target genes necessary for neuronal differentiation. Furthermore, we identified CTCF enrichment at cPRC1.2 loop anchors and at Polycomb group (PcG) bodies, nuclear foci with concentrated PRC1 and its tethered chromatin domains, suggesting that PRC1 and CTCF cooperatively shape chromatin loop structures. Through virtual 4C and other genomic analyses, we discovered that establishing neuronal progenitor cell (NPC) identity involves a switch from cPRC1.2-mediated chromatin loops to CTCF-mediated active loops, enabling the expression of critical lineage-specific factors. This study uncovers a novel mechanism by which pre-formed PRC1 and CTCF loops at lineage-specific genes maintain a poised state for subsequent gene activation, advancing our understanding of the role of chromatin architecture in controlling cell fate transitions.
Published in
PRC1 and CTCF-Mediated Transition from Poised to Active Chromatin Loops Drives Bivalent Gene Activation
Hanafiah A, Geng Z, Liu T et al. · bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2024 · PMID 39605346 · doi:10.1101/2024.11.13.623456
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE278946_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: Look for peak files (.bed, .narrowPeak) and signal tracks (.bigWig) among the supplementary files; the raw reads are on ENA.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1169811 and SRA study SRP537246. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
13 conditions, mostly in duplicate
RNA-seq ESC WT ×2 RNA-seq ESC Pcgf2 KO ×2 RNA-seq ESC Phc1 KO ×2 RNA-seq ESC Phc1-SAM KO ×2 RNA-seq EB day 3 WT ×2 RNA-seq EB day 3 Pcgf2 KO ×2 RNA-seq EB day 8 WT ×2 RNA-seq EB day 8 Pcgf2 KO ×2 +22 more

Supports a between-group comparison across 26 samples.

How we read this: 13 replicated groups read from 43 sample titles; they account for 26 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study

+ 3 more — browse all 43 samples with per-sample file links →

Datasets on a similar topic

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