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IL-17A Alters Human Cortical Development in a 3D Ex Vivo Model of Maternal Immune Activation

GSE280371 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 24 samples Submitted 2026/05/27 Platform GPL18573
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 24 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
24 samples: 8 conditions, mostly in triplicateGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Summary (written by the submitters)
Human brain development depends on the coordinated interaction of diverse cell types and extracellular matrix (ECM) components, which are essential for proper neurogenesis and cortical organization. Epidemiological and animal studies have demonstrated that maternal immune activation (MIA) disrupts brain development, leading to impaired neurogenesis and increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia.
Read the full summary ↓
However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which MIA impacts human cortical development remain poorly understood. Here, we introduce a 3D ex vivo culture system, termed 'cerebroids,' derived from human fetal brain tissue, which faithfully preserves key developmental processes, along with critical cellular diversity and structural integrity of the developing human cortex. Using this platform, we show that IL-17A, a cytokine strongly implicated in NDDs, induces premature cortical folding, increases cortical thickness, and accelerates neurogenesis and neuronal maturation. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal significant dysregulation of ECM-related pathways, including the upregulation of proteoglycans such as brevican and versican. Notably, treatment with the anti-inflammatory agent parthenolide, an inhibitor of NF-κB and HDAC1 pathways, reverses IL-17A-induced cortical abnormalities, restoring normal cortical thickness, folding, and neurogenesis. These findings provide key valuable insights into how IL-17A disrupts human cortical development during MIA, advancing our understanding of NDD-associated structural cortical alterations.
This dataset
Open GSE280371 in finder → Find more human RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE280371_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1178115 and SRA study SRP540995. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗
Study design
8 conditions, mostly in triplicate
Microglia/BAMs, Vehicle, Dono ×3 NLCCs, Vehicle, Dono ×3 Microglia/BAMs, IL-17A, Dono ×3 NLCCs, IL-17A, Dono ×3 NSC, Vehicle, Dono ×3 NSC, IL-17A, Dono ×3 Whole cerebroid, Vehicle, Dono ×3 Whole cerebroid, IL-17A, Dono ×3

Supports a between-group comparison across 24 samples.

How we read this: 8 replicated groups read from 24 sample titles; they account for 24 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.