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The fungicide propiconazole induces hepatic steatosis and activates PXR in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity

GSE285121 Mus musculus (mouse) RNA-seq (gene expression) 24 samples Submitted 2025/01/07 Platform GPL23479
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · mouse · 24 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Mus musculus (mouse)
Samples
24 samples: 6 × liver, high-fat diet, control treatment, vs 6 × liver, high-fat diet, treatment with 0.04 mg propiconazole per kg body weight for 10 weeks, vs 6 × liver, high-fat diet, treatment with 30 mg propiconazole per kg body weight for 10 weeks, vs 6 × liver, high-fat diet, treatment with 100 mg propiconazole per kg body weight for 10 weeks,Groups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
The fungicide propiconazole induces hepatic steatosis and activates PXR in a mouse model of diet-induced obesityArchives of toxicology · 2025
Summary (written by the submitters)
Propiconazole is a triazole fungicide previously shown to induce triglyceride accumulation in human liver HepaRG cells, potentially via activation of the Pregnane X Receptor (PXR). However, whether propiconazole can disrupt hepatic and whole-body metabolism in vivo is currently unknown. Therefore, we aimed to examine the metabolic effects of propiconazole in the context of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), obesity, and insulin resistance.
Read the full summary ↓
To this end, male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet for 20 weeks. During the last 10 weeks, mice additionally received vehicle, 0.04, 30, or 100 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day propiconazole via oral gavage. High-dose propiconazole, but not low or intermediate dose, reduced body weight gain and adipose tissue weight in obese mice. Mice receiving high-dose propiconazole displayed improved glucose tolerance and reduced levels of plasma triglycerides and cholesterol. Propiconazole dose-dependently increased liver weight and triglyceride levels and at high dose caused signs of hepatic inflammation. RNA sequencing on the liver revealed that propiconazole mainly induced PXR target genes. At intermediate and high-dose, propiconazole induced pathways related to cell-cell interactions and inflammation, while oxidative phosphorylation was repressed by propiconazole. Comparison of gene regulation in wildtype and PXR knockout primary hepatocytes as well as gene reporter assays confirmed the activation of PXR by propiconazole. All in all, our data underscore the capacity of propiconazole to activate PXR in the liver and thereby promote the development of hepatic steatosis in vivo.
Published in
The fungicide propiconazole induces hepatic steatosis and activates PXR in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity
Attema B, Kummu O, Krutáková M et al. · Archives of toxicology 2025 · PMID 39718591 · doi:10.1007/s00204-024-03942-9
This dataset
Open GSE285121 in finder → Find more mouse RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE285121_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1201208 and SRA study SRP553039. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 39718591) ↗
Study design
6 × liver, high-fat diet, control treatment, vs 6 × liver, high-fat diet, treatment with 0.04 mg propiconazole per kg body weight for 10 weeks, vs 6 × liver, high-fat diet, treatment with 30 mg propiconazole per kg body weight for 10 weeks, vs 6 × liver, high-fat diet, treatment with 100 mg propiconazole per kg body weight for 10 weeks,

Supports a between-group comparison across 24 samples.

How we read this: 4 replicated groups read from 24 sample titles; they account for 24 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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