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NSAIDS-XDR-TB clinical trial: A randomized pilot study to estimate the potential efficacy and safety of using adjunctive ibuprofen for the treatment of pre-XDR and XDR tuberculosis

GSE298762 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 73 samples Submitted 2026/05/21 Platform GPL24676
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 73 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
73 samples: 21 conditions, mostly in duplicateGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Summary (written by the submitters)
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) remains a formidable global health challenge. Host-directed therapies (HDTs) offer the potential to mitigate tissue damage, reduce treatment duration, and improve clinical outcomes by modulating immune responses. We assessed the safety and potential efficacy of adjunctive ibuprofen—an inexpensive, well‐tolerated non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug—in patients with pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB.
Read the full summary ↓
In this prospective, open-label, randomized pilot study (NCT02781909) conducted in Georgia, 28 adults with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary pre-XDR or XDR-TB were randomized 1:1 to receive either standard-of-care (SoC) TB treatment alone (n=14) or SoC plus 400 mg ibuprofen daily during the first 2 months (n=14). Participants were followed for 6 months. The primary endpoints were early sputum culture conversion and radiological improvement. Secondary endpoints included WHO-defined final treatment outcomes, safety, health-related quality of life (HQoL), and changes in inflammatory markers. By week 2, culture negativity was achieved in 27% of control participants versus 9% in the ibuprofen group (risk difference 18%, 95% CI −13 to 50). The median time to culture conversion was 4 months in both groups. At month 2, favourable X-ray evolution was observed in 64% of controls compared with 54% of the ibuprofen group (risk difference 9%, 95% CI −32 to 50), with 90% of participants in each group showing improvement by month 6. Final treatment outcomes were comparable (≈71% cured) and the incidence of safety-related events did not differ significantly. Notably, the ibuprofen group exhibited greater proportional reductions in inflammatory markers—including a statistically significant decrease in the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio at months 2 and 5, along with reductions in interferon gamma levels and the enrichment score for Thompson_FAIL_13 gene signature at month 6. Although adjunctive ibuprofen did not improve primary microbiological or radiological endpoints, its excellent safety profile and significant anti-inflammatory effects support its potential role as an immune-modulating adjunct in the treatment of drug-resistant TB. These findings warrant further investigation in larger studies to optimize dosing and evaluate clinical benefits.
This dataset
Open GSE298762 in finder → Find more human RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE298762_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1271063 and SRA study SRP589316. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗
Study design
21 conditions, mostly in duplicate
NSAIDS-XDR-TB-IBU-1-M ×2 NSAIDS-XDR-TB-CT-1-M ×2 NSAIDS-XDR-TB-IBU-2-M ×2 NSAIDS-XDR-TB-CT-2-M ×2 NSAIDS-XDR-TB-IBU-3-M ×2 NSAIDS-XDR-TB-CT-3-M ×2 NSAIDS-XDR-TB-IBU-4-M ×2 NSAIDS-XDR-TB-CT-4-M ×2 +44 more

Supports a between-group comparison across 42 samples.

How we read this: 21 replicated groups read from 73 sample titles; they account for 42 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study

+ 33 more — browse all 73 samples with per-sample file links →

Datasets on a similar topic

Search all human RNA-seq datasets in GEO →

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Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.