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An mRNA-based broad-spectrum antiviral inspired by ISG15 deficiency protects against viral infections in vitro and in vivo

GSE301682 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 12 samples Submitted 2025/08/13 Platform GPL16791
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 12 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Samples
12 samples
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
An mRNA-based broad-spectrum antiviral inspired by ISG15 deficiency protects against viral infections in vitro and in vivoScience translational medicine · 2025
Summary (written by the submitters)
Type I interferons (IFN-I) are cytokines with potent antiviral and inflammatory capacities. IFN-I signaling drives the expression of thousands of IFN-I stimulated genes (ISGs), whose aggregate function results in the control of viral infections. A few of these ISGs are tasked with negatively regulating the IFN-I response to prevent overt inflammation.
Read the full summary ↓
ISG15 is a negative regulator whose absence leads to persistent, low-grade elevation of ISG expression and concurrent, often self-resolving, mild autoinflammation. The limited breadth and low-grade persistence of ISGs expressed in ISG15 deficiency are sufficient to confer broad-spectrum antiviral resistance. Inspired by the antiviral state of humans with ISG15 deficiency, we identified a nominal collection of 10 ISGs that recapitulated the broad antiviral potential of the IFN-I system, which typically induces the expression of thousands of ISGs. The expression of this 10-ISG collection in an IFN-I non-responsive cell line increased cellular resistance to Zika virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated mRNA formulation of this 10-ISG collection significantly reduced IAV plaque size in vivo in mice when given prophylactically. Moreover, when used collectively and delivered prophylactically, 10-ISG was able to protect hamsters against a lethal SARS-CoV-2 challenge, in contrast with the lack of efficacy when mRNAs were delivered individually. These findings suggest that these 10 ISGs have potential as a broad-spectrum antiviral prophylactic.
Published in
An mRNA-based broad-spectrum antiviral inspired by ISG15 deficiency protects against viral infections in vitro and in vivo
Akalu YT, Patel RS, Taft J et al. · Science translational medicine 2025 · PMID 40802739 · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.adx5758
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE301682_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1285972 and SRA study SRP598174. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Samples in this study

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+ 12 more — browse all 12 samples with per-sample file links →

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