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Macrophages are specialised at MR1 antigen presentation to MAIT cells [RNA-seq]

GSE306827 Mus musculus Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing 8 samples Submitted 2025/12/08 Platform GPL34328
Summary
Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are lymphocytes that mediate tissue homeostasis and antimicrobial immunity. MAIT cells recognize microbial vitamin B-derived antigens (VitBAg) presented by MHC class I-related protein 1 (MR1). The cells that express MR1 and present VitBAg to MAIT cells remain unknown. We found that MR1 expression varies across tissues and cell types. Expression is regulated transcriptionally and induced by the tissue environment and microbiota. Depletion of MR1 in macrophages, dendritic cells and monocytes changed the composition of the microbiota and impaired MAIT cell responses against bacteria infection. Macrophages expressed the highest levels of MR1 and were the most efficient at capturing and presenting VitBAg to MAIT cells. We conclude that macrophages are key players in MR1 antigen presentation and MAIT cell immunity.
Published in
Macrophage MR1 antigen presentation promotes MAIT cell immunity and lung microbiota modulation
Deng J, Yan Y, Zhang X et al. · Science (New York, N.Y.) 2026 · PMID 41343603 · doi:10.1126/science.adr6322
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Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1312469 and SRA study SRP614659. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

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