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Ambient temperature regulates CD4⁺ T cell tonic T cell receptor signaling and responsiveness

GSE310189 Mus musculus (mouse) RNA-seq (gene expression) 15 samples Submitted 2026/03/31 Platform GPL30172
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · mouse · 15 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Mus musculus (mouse)
Samples
15 samples: 4 × 30 °C CD4+ T cells, GFP-, vs 4 × 22 °C CD4+ T cells, GFP-, vs 4 × 30 °C CD4+ T cells, GFP+, vs 3 × 22 °C CD4+ T cells, GFP+,Groups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Ambient temperature regulates CD4(+) T cell tonic T cell receptor signaling and responsivenessiScience · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
Mice (Mus musculus) used in biomedical research are commonly housed at 19-23 °C, below their thermoneutral zone (29-34 °C), where metabolic homeostasis occurs. Although traditional housing exposes mice to chronic cold stress and modulates their immune response, cellular mechanisms by which thermoneutrality shapes immune responses remain underdefined.
Read the full summary ↓
CD4+ T cells are major contributors to host immunity through T cell receptor (TCR) signaling activated via recognition of peptide-major histocompatibility complex class II (pMHCII). We demonstrate that thermoneutral housing, compared to traditional housing, enhances tonic TCR signaling, upregulates genes associated with endogenous TCR stimulation, and increases TCR-driven TNF expression in CD4⁺ T cells. Mechanistically, these effects are in part dependent on tonic TCR engagement with self-pMHCII. In inflammatory disease models, thermoneutrality-driven increased CD4⁺ T cell TNF production correlates with amplified tissue inflammation. Together, these findings reveal how housing temperature may shape inflammatory responses through self-pMHCII-dependent TCR signaling in CD4⁺ T cells.
Published in
Ambient temperature regulates CD4(+) T cell tonic T cell receptor signaling and responsiveness
Sawada K, Eom J, Mahoney-Sutherland BA et al. · iScience 2026 · PMID 42111203 · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2026.115801
This dataset
Open GSE310189 in finder → Find more mouse RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE310189_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1365249 and SRA study SRP645484. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 42111203) ↗
Study design
4 × 30 °C CD4+ T cells, GFP-, vs 4 × 22 °C CD4+ T cells, GFP-, vs 4 × 30 °C CD4+ T cells, GFP+, vs 3 × 22 °C CD4+ T cells, GFP+,

Supports a between-group comparison across 15 samples.

How we read this: 4 replicated groups read from 15 sample titles; they account for 15 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
Datasets on a similar topic

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