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Elevated Lactate in AML Bone Marrow Contributes to Macrophage Polarization via GPR81 Signaling

GSE313457 Mus musculus (mouse) RNA-seq (gene expression) 12 samples Submitted 2026/03/11 Platform GPL21626
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · mouse · 12 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Mus musculus (mouse)
Samples
12 samples: 3 × macrophages, male, non-leukemic, vs 3 × macrophages, female, non-leukemic, vs 3 × macrophages, male, bcCML leukemia-associated macrophage, day 11, vs 3 × macrophages, female, bcCML leukemia-associated macrophage, day 11,Groups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Elevated lactate in AML bone marrow contributes to macrophage polarization via GPR81 signalingBlood advances · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
Interactions between acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) are critical to leukemia progression and chemoresistance. In the solid tumor microenvironment, altered metabolite levels contribute to cancer progression. We performed a metabolomic analysis of AML patient bone marrow serum, revealing increased metabolites compared to age- and sex-matched controls.
Read the full summary ↓
The most highly elevated metabolite in the AML BMME was lactate. Lactate signaling in solid tumors induces immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages and correlates with poor prognosis. This has not yet been studied in the leukemic BMME. Herein, we describe the role of lactate in the polarization of leukemia-associated macrophages (LAMs). Using a murine AML model of blast crisis chronic myelogenous leukemia (bcCML), we characterize the suppressive phenotype of LAMs by surface markers, transcriptomics, and cytokine profiling. Then, mice genetically lacking GPR81, the extracellular lactate receptor, were used to demonstrate GPR81 signaling as a mechanism of both the polarization of LAMs and the direct support of leukemia cells. Furthermore, elevated lactate diminished the function of hematopoietic progenitors and reduced stromal support for normal hematopoiesis. We report microenvironmental lactate as a mechanism of AML-induced immunosuppression and leukemic progression, thus identifying GPR81 signaling as an exciting and novel therapeutic target for treating this devastating disease.
Published in
Elevated lactate in AML bone marrow contributes to macrophage polarization via GPR81 signaling
Soto CA, Lesch ML, Becker JL et al. · Blood advances 2026 · PMID 41364872 · doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2025016400
This dataset
Open GSE313457 in finder → Find more mouse RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE313457_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1379568 and SRA study SRP654441. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 41364872) ↗
Study design
3 × macrophages, male, non-leukemic, vs 3 × macrophages, female, non-leukemic, vs 3 × macrophages, male, bcCML leukemia-associated macrophage, day 11, vs 3 × macrophages, female, bcCML leukemia-associated macrophage, day 11,

Supports a between-group comparison across 12 samples.

How we read this: 4 replicated groups read from 12 sample titles; they account for 12 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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