GEO series

Ketogenic diet dampens excitatory neurotransmission by shrinking synaptic vesicle pools

GSE314901 Mus musculus (mouse) RNA-seq (gene expression) 20 samples Submitted 2025/12/27 Platform GPL24247

At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · mouse · 20 samples

What it is: RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism: Mus musculus (mouse)
Samples: 20 samples: 5 × Young_Chow vs 5 × Young_KD vs 5 × Adult_Chow vs 5 × Adult_KDGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get: A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper: Ketogenic diet dampens excitatory neurotransmission by shrinking synaptic vesicle poolsCell reports · 2026

Summary (written by the submitters)

The ketogenic diet (KD) is a common dietary intervention for treating seizures in intractable childhood epilepsies and has been proposed to improve disease outcome in neurodegenerative disorders. Despite its clinical applications, we know little about how this diet impacts brain circuitry and neuronal function to elicit its protective effects.

Read the full summary ↓

Here, we examined the impact of the KD on hippocampal function through integrative analysis of gene expression, epigenetics and neurotransmission. We found that KD induces profound transcriptional reprogramming of the hippocampus, including altered expression of numerous synaptic genes. Proteomic analysis of histone variants and post-translational modifications also revealed significant changes in activating and repressive epigenetic marks in the hippocampus of KD mice. To determine how transcriptional and epigenetic rewiring of the hippocampus under KD impacts neurotransmission, we performed electrophysiological recordings to examine synaptic dynamics and synaptic summation at CA3-CA1 synapses. We found that KD diminishes synaptic gain and dampens short-term plasticity at excitatory synapses, resulting in reduced summation of synaptic inputs at the circuit level. We determined that the dampening of synaptic gain was due to a reduction in size of the readily releasable as well as the total of synaptic vesicles in excitatory but not inhibitory synapses. Our findings show that the ketogenic diet triggers synaptic remodeling in the hippocampus, driven by broad transcriptional and epigenetic changes that reduce synaptic vesicle pools and short-term plasticity at excitatory synapses ultimately dampening excitatory synaptic gain and integration at the circuit level. These synaptic adaptations may represent a major mechanism underlying the anti-epileptic effects of this diet.

Published in

Ketogenic diet dampens excitatory neurotransmission by shrinking synaptic vesicle pools

Stunault MI, Deng PY, Yadav A et al. · Cell reports 2026 · PMID 41671086 · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2026.116945

This dataset

Open GSE314901 in finder → Find more mouse RNA-seq datasets →

Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE314901_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1393099 and SRA study SRP657730. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 41671086) ↗

Study design

5 × Young_Chow vs 5 × Young_KD vs 5 × Adult_Chow vs 5 × Adult_KD

Supports a between-group comparison across 20 samples.

How we read this: 4 replicated groups read from 20 sample titles; they account for 20 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study

GSM9415287 Young_Chow1 Young_Chow
GSM9415288 Young_Chow2 Young_Chow
GSM9415289 Young_Chow3 Young_Chow
GSM9415290 Young_Chow4 Young_Chow
GSM9415291 Young_Chow5 Young_Chow
GSM9415292 Young_KD1 Young_KD
GSM9415293 Young_KD2 Young_KD
GSM9415294 Young_KD3 Young_KD
GSM9415295 Young_KD4 Young_KD
GSM9415296 Young_KD5 Young_KD
GSM9415297 Adult_Chow1 Adult_Chow
GSM9415298 Adult_Chow2 Adult_Chow
GSM9415299 Adult_Chow3 Adult_Chow
GSM9415300 Adult_Chow4 Adult_Chow
GSM9415301 Adult_Chow5 Adult_Chow
GSM9415302 Adult_KD1 Adult_KD
GSM9415303 Adult_KD2 Adult_KD
GSM9415304 Adult_KD3 Adult_KD
GSM9415305 Adult_KD4 Adult_KD
GSM9415306 Adult_KD5 Adult_KD

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Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.