GEO series

IL-9 and Blimp-1 protects the transcriptional identity of group 2 innate lymphocytes in allergic asthma

GSE316969 Mus musculus Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing 3 samples Submitted 2026/04/16 Platform GPL34290

Summary

Allergic asthma is driven by type 2 immune responses, including those mediated by type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s). Although ILC2s are activated by the tissue alarmins IL-33 and IL-25, these signals do not intrinsically enforce type 2 identity, and the mechanisms that maintain type 2 cytokine expression remain unclear. Here we show that allergen-induced IL-33 and IL-25 rapidly induce IL-9, which in turn upregulates the transcriptional repressor Blimp-1 in ILC2s. Blimp-1 sustains type 2 immunity by directly repressing type 1 inflammatory programs, including expression of IFNg and TNF. Deletion of Blimp-1 in ILC2s increased type 1 cytokine production and reduced IL-5 and IL-13 expression, eosinophil recruitment, and mucus production in the lung. In contrast, IL-9 expression was enhanced in the absence of Blimp-1, leading to increased mast cell recruitment. Together, these findings identify Blimp-1 as a key regulator of ILC2 transcriptional fidelity that stabilizes type 2 inflammation while constraining divergent inflammatory programs during allergic responses.

Published in

IL-9 and Blimp-1 protect the transcriptional identity of group 2 innate lymphocytes in allergic asthma

Zheng Y, Giri S, Zhang J et al. · Nature immunology 2026 · PMID 42032301 · doi:10.1038/s41590-026-02509-3

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Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1405617 and SRA study SRP664790. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 42032301) ↗

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