RNA-seq of wild-type human iPSC-derived retinal organoids at different developmental stages

Human retinal organoids derived from pluripotent stem cells provide an in vitro system to model key aspects of early human retinal development and to investigate mechanisms underlying developmental eye disorders. Congenital eye diseases, such as microphthalmia, anophthalmia and coloboma, arise from disruptions in gene regulatory programs that control retinal progenitor specification and neuronal differentiation. However, studying these processes in humans is challenging due to limited access to developing retinal tissue. Here we present a temporal bulk RNA sequencing dataset of retinal organoids collected across multiple stages of differentiation (days 0, 35, 60, 90, 120, and 150). These timepoints span early retinal lineage specification through progressive neuronal differentiation and maturation of retinal cell types. The dataset captures dynamic gene expression changes associated with retinal development and provides a transcriptional framework for studying genes implicated in congenital and developmental retinal disorders.