Disease intelligence · mutation landscape
Acute myeloid leukemia mutation landscape
How often each gene is altered in acute myeloid leukemia, in each sequenced cohort, over the patients on whom it could have been called. Copy number is its own row. Nothing is pooled.
Answer block
In TCGA PanCancer Atlas AML (2018) (200 sequenced patients, exome or genome), the most frequently altered of the 45 genes shown are FLT3 28.5%, NPM1 27.0%, DNMT3A 25.0%, IDH2 10.5%, IDH1 9.5%. Each figure divides by the patients on whom that gene could be called.
8 of 200 patients are hypermutated (more than 140 non-silent mutations, ten times the cohort median of 14); every gene's frequency without them is beside the headline.
Of the briefing's 13 curated targets, 4 are altered in under 2% of this cohort (MEN1, BCL2, CD33, IL3RA): targets by expression, dependency or drug label, not by mutation. Frequency is not targetability, in either direction.
3 cohorts are shown and none are pooled; overlap between them has not been checked and there is no disease-wide percentage.
Evidence boundary: frequency here is a count in a named cohort. Whether an alteration is a driver, is actionable, or has a drug is the briefing's question and is not inferred from these numbers.
What is altered, by cohort
One row per alteration, not per gene: a gene that is amplified and rarely mutated (ERBB2, MYCN, EGFR) gets a row for each. Every cell divides by its own denominator — the patients in that cohort on whom that gene could be called. Copy-number rows are shown only where at least one cohort reaches 2%.
| Alteration | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018 200 pts · exome or genome | aml_ohsu_2022 785 pts · exome or genome | aml_target_2018_pub 150 pts · exome or genome |
|---|---|---|---|
| FLT3 SNV / small indel | 28.5%57/200 | 30.19%237/785 | 6.67%10/150 |
| NPM1 SNV / small indel | 27.0%54/200 | 25.48%200/785 | 0.67%1/150 |
| IDH1 SNV / small indel | 9.5%19/200 | 7.64%60/785 | 0% |
| IDH2 SNV / small indel | 10.5%21/200 | 12.74%100/785 | 2.67%4/150 |
| KMT2A SNV / small indel | 1.0%2/200 | 0.38%3/785 | 0% |
| KMT2A amplification | 6.28%12/191 | · | 0% |
| MEN1 SNV / small indel | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| DNMT3A SNV / small indel | 25.0%50/200 | 21.02%165/785 | 0% |
| TP53 SNV / small indel | 7.5%15/200 | 9.68%76/785 | 0% |
| BCL2 SNV / small indel | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| CD33 SNV / small indel | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| IL3RA SNV / small indel | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| KIT SNV / small indel | 4.0%8/200 | 2.04%16/785 | 10.0%15/150 |
| CEBPA SNV / small indel | 6.5%13/200 | 5.48%43/785 | 0% |
| RUNX1 SNV / small indel | 9.5%19/200 | 11.59%91/785 | 0% |
| RUNX1 deep deletion | 0% | · | 5.42%13/240 |
| TET2 SNV / small indel | 8.5%17/200 | 13.38%105/785 | 3.33%5/150 |
| TET2 deep deletion | 0.52%1/191 | · | 2.5%6/240 |
| NRAS SNV / small indel | 8.0%16/200 | 14.01%110/785 | 14.67%22/150 |
| WT1 SNV / small indel | 6.5%13/200 | 7.39%58/785 | 3.33%5/150 |
| BPIFC SNV / small indel | 5.5%11/200 | 0.13%1/785 | 0% |
| PTPN11 SNV / small indel | 5.0%10/200 | 5.22%41/785 | 6.0%9/150 |
| KRAS SNV / small indel | 5.0%10/200 | 5.1%40/785 | 6.0%9/150 |
| SMC1A SNV / small indel | 4.5%9/200 | 1.4%11/785 | 0% |
| U2AF1 SNV / small indel | 4.0%8/200 | 5.35%42/785 | 0.67%1/150 |
| U2AF1 amplification | 2.62%5/191 | · | 0.42%1/240 |
| SMC3 SNV / small indel | 3.5%7/200 | 1.4%11/785 | 2.0%3/150 |
| SENP6 SNV / small indel | 3.5%7/200 | 0% | 0% |
| SENP6 deep deletion | 0% | · | 4.58%11/240 |
| PHF6 SNV / small indel | 3.5%7/200 | 3.18%25/785 | 0% |
| HPS3 SNV / small indel | 3.5%7/200 | 0% | 0% |
| ASXL1 SNV / small indel | 3.5%7/200 | 10.83%85/785 | 0% |
| STAG2 SNV / small indel | 3.0%6/200 | 7.26%57/785 | 0% |
| SLIT2 SNV / small indel | 3.0%6/200 | 0% | 0% |
| SF3B1 SNV / small indel | 3.0%6/200 | 4.97%39/785 | 1.33%2/150 |
| RAD21 SNV / small indel | 3.0%6/200 | 2.42%19/785 | 0.67%1/150 |
| NF1 SNV / small indel | 3.0%6/200 | 3.06%24/785 | 0% |
| MYCBP2 SNV / small indel | 3.0%6/200 | 0.25%2/785 | 0% |
| MED12 SNV / small indel | 3.0%6/200 | 0.51%4/785 | 0% |
| GDI2 SNV / small indel | 3.0%6/200 | 0% | 0% |
| GABRG3 SNV / small indel | 3.0%6/200 | 0.13%1/785 | 0% |
| BRWD1 SNV / small indel | 3.0%6/200 | 0% | 0% |
| BRWD1 amplification | 3.66%7/191 | · | 0.42%1/240 |
| ABCA6 SNV / small indel | 3.0%6/200 | 0% | 0% |
| ZCRB1 SNV / small indel | 2.5%5/200 | 0% | 0% |
| VPS13B SNV / small indel | 2.5%5/200 | 0% | 0% |
| SPEN SNV / small indel | 2.5%5/200 | 0.13%1/785 | 0% |
| SLC43A1 SNV / small indel | 2.5%5/200 | 0% | 0% |
| SLC16A7 SNV / small indel | 2.5%5/200 | 0.13%1/785 | 0% |
| RALGPS2 SNV / small indel | 2.5%5/200 | 0% | 0% |
| PRUNE2 SNV / small indel | 2.5%5/200 | 0% | 0% |
observed — shade scales with frequency, full at 30% assayed, none found not on this cohort's panel cohort not readable
Key findings
FLT3 is mutated in 57 of 200 patients in TCGA PanCancer Atlas AML (2018).
NPM1 is mutated in 54 of 200 patients in TCGA PanCancer Atlas AML (2018).
DNMT3A is mutated in 50 of 200 patients in TCGA PanCancer Atlas AML (2018).
Gene table — reference cohort
Headline values are from the reference cohort, laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018; the matrix above keeps every cohort separate. "Curated" marks a gene the disease briefing lists as a target; the rest are here because they are among the most frequently mutated genes in the reference cohort. Recurrent changes are the reference cohort's commonest protein changes.
| Gene | Why listed | Largest alteration | Altered / tested | Frequency | Without hypermutated | Cohorts observed | Range across cohorts | Recurrent changes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FLT3 | curated target | SNV / small indel | 57 / 200 | 28.5% | 29.69% | 3 / 3 | 6.67–30.19% | D835Y (n=11), F594_D600dup (n=5), D835E (n=3), D835H (n=2), S584_D600dup (n=1) |
| NPM1 | curated target | SNV / small indel | 54 / 200 | 27.0% | 27.6% | 3 / 3 | 0.67–27.0% | W288Cfs*12 (n=51), N270Qfs*11 (n=1), I269Efs*14 (n=1), W288Lfs*12 (n=1), K263R (n=1) |
| IDH1 | curated target | SNV / small indel | 19 / 200 | 9.5% | 9.9% | 2 / 3 | 0.0–9.5% | R132C (n=12), R132H (n=5), R132G (n=1), R132S (n=1) |
| IDH2 | curated target | SNV / small indel | 21 / 200 | 10.5% | 9.9% | 3 / 3 | 2.67–12.74% | R140Q (n=17), R172K (n=3), R140L (n=1) |
| KMT2A | curated target | amplification | 12 / 191 | 6.28% mutation 1.0% | 0.0% | 2 / 3 | 0.0–1.0% | H3727R (n=1), F3888V (n=1) |
| MEN1 | curated target | SNV / small indel | 0 / 200 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0 / 3 | 0.0–0.0% | none recurrent |
| DNMT3A | curated target | SNV / small indel | 50 / 200 | 25.0% | 25.52% | 2 / 3 | 0.0–25.0% | R882H (n=21), R882C (n=7), R736H (n=2), R803S (n=1), X556_splice (n=1) |
| TP53 | curated target | SNV / small indel | 15 / 200 | 7.5% | 7.29% | 2 / 3 | 0.0–9.68% | C176Y (n=1), P223Rfs*4 (n=1), R280G (n=1), X225_splice (n=1), X10_splice (n=1) |
| BCL2 | curated target | SNV / small indel | 0 / 200 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0 / 3 | 0.0–0.0% | none recurrent |
| CD33 | curated target | SNV / small indel | 0 / 200 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0 / 3 | 0.0–0.0% | none recurrent |
| IL3RA | curated target | amplification | 1 / 191 | 0.52% mutation 0.0% | 0.0% | 0 / 3 | 0.0–0.0% | none recurrent |
| KIT | curated target | SNV / small indel | 8 / 200 | 4.0% | 4.17% | 3 / 3 | 2.04–10.0% | D816V (n=4), Y418S (n=1), S197L (n=1), Y418* (n=1), T417_Y418delinsLRWD (n=1) |
| CEBPA | curated target | SNV / small indel | 13 / 200 | 6.5% | 6.25% | 2 / 3 | 0.0–6.5% | L317_T318insM (n=1), R343Afs*79 (n=1), A44Pfs*63 (n=1), A44P (n=1), T310_Q311insKQNP (n=1) |
| RUNX1 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 19 / 200 | 9.5% | 9.38% | 2 / 3 | 0.0–11.59% | R201* (n=4), R162G (n=2), A142Gfs*2 (n=1), S167_G168del (n=1), D123Gfs*11 (n=1) |
| TET2 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 17 / 200 | 8.5% | 8.85% | 3 / 3 | 3.33–13.38% | K1422Ifs*27 (n=2), R1216* (n=2), Q317Rfs*30 (n=1), A1381Gfs*20 (n=1), K1439Nfs*9 (n=1) |
| NRAS | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 16 / 200 | 8.0% | 7.81% | 3 / 3 | 8.0–14.67% | G13D (n=5), G12D (n=4), Q61H (n=2), Q61K (n=2), Q61R (n=1) |
| WT1 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 13 / 200 | 6.5% | 6.77% | 3 / 3 | 3.33–7.39% | A382Gfs*69 (n=2), S381* (n=1), A382Sfs*4 (n=1), S381Lfs*71 (n=1), A382Gfs*3 (n=1) |
| BPIFC | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 11 / 200 | 5.5% | 5.21% | 2 / 3 | 0.0–5.5% | X219_splice (n=10), X82_splice (n=2) |
| PTPN11 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 10 / 200 | 5.0% | 5.21% | 3 / 3 | 5.0–6.0% | F71L (n=2), D61N (n=1), I545L (n=1), P491L (n=1), Q510L (n=1) |
| KRAS | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 10 / 200 | 5.0% | 4.69% | 3 / 3 | 5.0–6.0% | G12V (n=2), G12D (n=2), G13D (n=2), Q61H (n=1), A59E (n=1) |
| SMC1A | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 9 / 200 | 4.5% | 4.17% | 2 / 3 | 0.0–4.5% | G1131R (n=1), R586Q (n=1), A487G (n=1), R816H (n=1), R96H (n=1) |
| U2AF1 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 8 / 200 | 4.0% | 4.17% | 3 / 3 | 0.67–5.35% | S34F (n=5), S34Y (n=2), Q157P (n=1) |
| SMC3 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 7 / 200 | 3.5% | 3.65% | 3 / 3 | 1.4–3.5% | T1174I (n=1), R254* (n=1), R661P (n=1), I1001V (n=1), R381Q (n=1) |
| SENP6 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 7 / 200 | 3.5% | 3.12% | 1 / 3 | 0.0–3.5% | X409_splice (n=7) |
| PHF6 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 7 / 200 | 3.5% | 3.65% | 2 / 3 | 0.0–3.5% | E139* (n=1), F214* (n=1), N23Kfs*2 (n=1), C326R (n=1), X196_splice (n=1) |
| HPS3 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 7 / 200 | 3.5% | 3.12% | 1 / 3 | 0.0–3.5% | X467_splice (n=7) |
| ASXL1 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 7 / 200 | 3.5% | 2.6% | 2 / 3 | 0.0–10.83% | G738Dfs*6 (n=1), Q733* (n=1), Q157H (n=1), S921Tfs*4 (n=1), R1415* (n=1) |
| STAG2 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 6 / 200 | 3.0% | 3.12% | 2 / 3 | 0.0–7.26% | X1156_splice (n=1), X472_splice (n=1), X755_splice (n=1), Q801* (n=1), R614* (n=1) |
| SLIT2 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 6 / 200 | 3.0% | 2.08% | 1 / 3 | 0.0–3.0% | X830_splice (n=5), R680K (n=1) |
| SF3B1 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 6 / 200 | 3.0% | 2.6% | 3 / 3 | 1.33–4.97% | X833_splice (n=3), L833F (n=3), K700E (n=1) |
| RAD21 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 6 / 200 | 3.0% | 2.6% | 3 / 3 | 0.67–3.0% | V49Gfs*31 (n=1), E102G (n=1), E453Dfs*3 (n=1), V284Rfs*2 (n=1), L255* (n=1) |
| NF1 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 6 / 200 | 3.0% | 2.08% | 2 / 3 | 0.0–3.06% | R1276Q (n=2), G842D (n=1), A1676S (n=1), R1241* (n=1), R1306* (n=1) |
| MYCBP2 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 6 / 200 | 3.0% | 1.56% | 2 / 3 | 0.0–3.0% | S22P (n=1), S1724P (n=1), V2989A (n=1), A2381Gfs*12 (n=1), N3578K (n=1) |
| MED12 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 6 / 200 | 3.0% | 1.04% | 2 / 3 | 0.0–3.0% | A826T (n=1), W1688* (n=1), G862S (n=1), L383V (n=1), L1431Pfs*4 (n=1) |
| GDI2 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 6 / 200 | 3.0% | 2.6% | 1 / 3 | 0.0–3.0% | X52_splice (n=6) |
| GABRG3 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 6 / 200 | 3.0% | 2.6% | 2 / 3 | 0.0–3.0% | X355_splice (n=6) |
| BRWD1 | by frequency | amplification | 7 / 191 | 3.66% mutation 3.0% | 2.08% | 1 / 3 | 0.0–3.0% | I1876K (n=3), X278_splice (n=2), C1994Y (n=1) |
| ABCA6 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 6 / 200 | 3.0% | 2.6% | 1 / 3 | 0.0–3.0% | L736* (n=5), L736I (n=2), S461F (n=1) |
| ZCRB1 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 5 / 200 | 2.5% | 2.08% | 1 / 3 | 0.0–2.5% | L76F (n=4), X76_splice (n=1) |
| VPS13B | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 5 / 200 | 2.5% | 1.56% | 1 / 3 | 0.0–2.5% | L1507F (n=2), W1325L (n=1), G1986R (n=1), T787N (n=1) |
| SPEN | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 5 / 200 | 2.5% | 1.56% | 2 / 3 | 0.0–2.5% | L1407F (n=1), P1753S (n=1), L2602V (n=1), W2501* (n=1), Y650S (n=1) |
| SLC43A1 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 5 / 200 | 2.5% | 2.08% | 1 / 3 | 0.0–2.5% | X446_splice (n=4), Y532C (n=1) |
| SLC16A7 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 5 / 200 | 2.5% | 2.08% | 2 / 3 | 0.0–2.5% | X121_splice (n=4), S106R (n=1) |
| RALGPS2 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 5 / 200 | 2.5% | 2.08% | 1 / 3 | 0.0–2.5% | X161_splice (n=5) |
| PRUNE2 | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 5 / 200 | 2.5% | 1.04% | 1 / 3 | 0.0–2.5% | P523R (n=1), R2151Q (n=1), A670V (n=1), A1865V (n=1), S1018_S1019insATVT (n=1) |
Cohorts
Listed in the disease profile, not searched: a name search returns the same patients under several accessions. Patients are unique patient ids in the study's sequenced sample list. Hypermutated: more than ten times the cohort's median non-silent mutations per sample, and at least 100.
| Cohort | Accession | Patients | Samples sequenced / in study | Assay | Panels (samples) | Build | Profiles read | Hypermutated patients | Median mutations / sample |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TCGA PanCancer Atlas AML (2018) reference | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018 | 200 observed | 200 / 200 | exome or genome | WES (200) | hg19 | SNV, small indel, amplification, deep deletion, structural variant (profile present, not read) | 8 | 14.0 |
| Beat AML, OHSU (Cancer Cell 2022) | aml_ohsu_2022 | 785 observed | 903 / 942 | exome or genome | WES (903) | hg19 | SNV, small indel, structural variant (profile present, not read) | 0 | 6 |
| TARGET paediatric AML (2018) | aml_target_2018_pub | 150 observed | 150 / 1025 | exome or genome | WES (150) | hg19 | SNV, small indel, amplification, deep deletion | 0 | 3.0 |
Copy-number events
Discrete calls from each study's copy-number profile: 2 is high-level amplification, −2 deep deletion. Gains and shallow losses are not counted. Denominators are the cohort's copy-number sample list, which differs from its sequenced list. Rows at 2% or more.
| Gene | Event | Observed patients | Tested patients | Frequency | Cohort | Profile |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KMT2A | amplification | 12 | 191 | 6.28% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018 | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018_gistic |
| RUNX1 | deep deletion | 13 | 240 | 5.42% | aml_target_2018_pub | aml_target_2018_pub_cna |
| SENP6 | deep deletion | 11 | 240 | 4.58% | aml_target_2018_pub | aml_target_2018_pub_cna |
| BRWD1 | amplification | 7 | 191 | 3.66% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018 | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018_gistic |
| U2AF1 | amplification | 5 | 191 | 2.62% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018 | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018_gistic |
| TET2 | deep deletion | 6 | 240 | 2.5% | aml_target_2018_pub | aml_target_2018_pub_cna |
Cohort-aware frequencies
Each row is calculated from unique patients in that study's sequenced sample list. The range is descriptive; no pooled estimate is shown because cross-study overlap and assay comparability have not been checked.
| Gene | Range | Per cohort (altered / tested) |
|---|---|---|
| FLT3 | 6.67–30.19% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 57/200 (28.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 237/785 (30.19%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 10/150 (6.67%) |
| NPM1 | 0.67–27.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 54/200 (27.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 200/785 (25.48%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 1/150 (0.67%) |
| IDH1 | 0.0–9.5% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 19/200 (9.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 60/785 (7.64%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| IDH2 | 2.67–12.74% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 21/200 (10.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 100/785 (12.74%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 4/150 (2.67%) |
| KMT2A | 0.0–1.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 2/200 (1.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 3/785 (0.38%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| MEN1 | 0.0–0.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 0/200 (0.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 0/785 (0.0%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| DNMT3A | 0.0–25.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 50/200 (25.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 165/785 (21.02%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| TP53 | 0.0–9.68% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 15/200 (7.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 76/785 (9.68%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| BCL2 | 0.0–0.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 0/200 (0.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 0/785 (0.0%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| CD33 | 0.0–0.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 0/200 (0.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 0/785 (0.0%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| IL3RA | 0.0–0.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 0/200 (0.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 0/785 (0.0%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| KIT | 2.04–10.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 8/200 (4.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 16/785 (2.04%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 15/150 (10.0%) |
| CEBPA | 0.0–6.5% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 13/200 (6.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 43/785 (5.48%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| RUNX1 | 0.0–11.59% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 19/200 (9.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 91/785 (11.59%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| TET2 | 3.33–13.38% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 17/200 (8.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 105/785 (13.38%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 5/150 (3.33%) |
| NRAS | 8.0–14.67% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 16/200 (8.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 110/785 (14.01%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 22/150 (14.67%) |
| WT1 | 3.33–7.39% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 13/200 (6.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 58/785 (7.39%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 5/150 (3.33%) |
| BPIFC | 0.0–5.5% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 11/200 (5.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 1/785 (0.13%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| PTPN11 | 5.0–6.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 10/200 (5.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 41/785 (5.22%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 9/150 (6.0%) |
| KRAS | 5.0–6.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 10/200 (5.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 40/785 (5.1%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 9/150 (6.0%) |
| SMC1A | 0.0–4.5% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 9/200 (4.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 11/785 (1.4%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| U2AF1 | 0.67–5.35% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 8/200 (4.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 42/785 (5.35%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 1/150 (0.67%) |
| SMC3 | 1.4–3.5% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 7/200 (3.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 11/785 (1.4%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 3/150 (2.0%) |
| SENP6 | 0.0–3.5% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 7/200 (3.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 0/785 (0.0%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| PHF6 | 0.0–3.5% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 7/200 (3.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 25/785 (3.18%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| HPS3 | 0.0–3.5% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 7/200 (3.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 0/785 (0.0%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| ASXL1 | 0.0–10.83% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 7/200 (3.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 85/785 (10.83%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| STAG2 | 0.0–7.26% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 6/200 (3.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 57/785 (7.26%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| SLIT2 | 0.0–3.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 6/200 (3.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 0/785 (0.0%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| SF3B1 | 1.33–4.97% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 6/200 (3.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 39/785 (4.97%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 2/150 (1.33%) |
| RAD21 | 0.67–3.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 6/200 (3.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 19/785 (2.42%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 1/150 (0.67%) |
| NF1 | 0.0–3.06% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 6/200 (3.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 24/785 (3.06%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| MYCBP2 | 0.0–3.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 6/200 (3.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 2/785 (0.25%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| MED12 | 0.0–3.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 6/200 (3.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 4/785 (0.51%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| GDI2 | 0.0–3.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 6/200 (3.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 0/785 (0.0%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| GABRG3 | 0.0–3.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 6/200 (3.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 1/785 (0.13%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| BRWD1 | 0.0–3.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 6/200 (3.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 0/785 (0.0%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| ABCA6 | 0.0–3.0% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 6/200 (3.0%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 0/785 (0.0%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| ZCRB1 | 0.0–2.5% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 5/200 (2.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 0/785 (0.0%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| VPS13B | 0.0–2.5% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 5/200 (2.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 0/785 (0.0%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| SPEN | 0.0–2.5% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 5/200 (2.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 1/785 (0.13%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| SLC43A1 | 0.0–2.5% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 5/200 (2.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 0/785 (0.0%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| SLC16A7 | 0.0–2.5% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 5/200 (2.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 1/785 (0.13%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| RALGPS2 | 0.0–2.5% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 5/200 (2.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 0/785 (0.0%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
| PRUNE2 | 0.0–2.5% | laml_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018: 5/200 (2.5%) · aml_ohsu_2022: 0/785 (0.0%) · aml_target_2018_pub: 0/150 (0.0%) |
What this page does not do
Structural variants
Read the structural-variant profiles the studies carry; fusions are the defining event in several of these diseases.
Context
Stage, subtype, age and treatment line are not attached to any count; the cohorts differ on all four.
Interpretation
Activating versus inactivating, actionable versus not, and evidence level are not inferred here; the briefing's target table carries the drug and trial facts.
Limitations
- A cBioPortal public-API snapshot retrieved 2026-09-17; the page does not refresh source data at request time.
- Counts are patients with at least one non-silent call in the study's sequenced sample list; silent, intronic and UTR calls are excluded.
- For targeted-panel cohorts each gene divides by the patients whose panel carried it; a gene absent from the panel is shown as not assayed, not as zero.
- Copy-number rows use discrete calls (2 = high-level amplification, −2 = deep deletion) against the cohort's copy-number sample list, which is a different roster from the sequenced one.
- Cohorts are not pooled. Cross-study patient overlap has not been checked and no disease-wide frequency is reported.
- Structural variants and fusions are not read in this snapshot even where the study carries a profile; germline variants, mutational signatures, TMB and MSI are not reported.
- The gene set is the briefing's curated targets plus the reference cohort's most frequently mutated genes; it is not genome-wide.
How a machine should read this page
- Denominators: every frequency divides by the patients in one named cohort on whom the gene could be called; there is no disease-wide figure.
- Missing values:
not_assayed(the panel did not carry the gene),not_observed(assayed, none found) andnot_evaluable(the cohort could not be read) are three different facts and are never converted to zero. - Counting: patients, not samples; several samples from one patient count once. Non-silent calls only.
- Copy number: a separate assay with a separate roster; discrete calls at ±2 only.
- Hypermutation: flagged per cohort; the headline keeps all patients and the frequency without them is reported beside it.
- Provenance: every value carries the study id, the retrieval date and the processing version; the source is the cBioPortal public API.
Machine endpoints: full landscape · genes · cohorts · the disease's own facts: /disease/acute-myeloid-leukemia.json.
Built by the BioTransfer briefings pipeline from the cBioPortal public API. The neuroblastoma page was assembled by hand and set the rules this page follows; how these are built.