Target landscape
Open Targets · retrieved 2026-09-12 · weekly12 genes recurrently implicated in hodgkin lymphoma, triaged for whether anything can actually be aimed at them. The zeros are the informative rows.
Of 12 recurrently implicated genes, 7 carry any drug at all. That is a statement about these 12 gene targets, not about the disease: Hodgkin lymphoma does have labelled therapy — 4 drugs, listed in the next section.
Two different questions
The table below asks what can be aimed at 12 recurrently implicated genes. That is narrower than what is approved for the disease, and narrower again than what hodgkin lymphoma is actually treated with, which includes agents approved under broader indications. All three are on this page and they are kept apart deliberately.
| Gene | Drugs | Approval, and whether it reached this disease | Open Targets tractabilitycomputed from protein features and literature — a signal that a modality is worth trying, not evidence that it works | Cell therapy here |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TNFRSF8 | 4 | 1 approvedBrentuximab VedotinApproved in hodgkin lymphoma: Brentuximab Vedotin.92 active of 315 hodgkin lymphoma trials | antibody, other clinical modality, protein degrader | 12 active of 21 trials |
| PDCD1 across cancers → | 26 | 9 approvedCemiplimab, Dostarlimab, Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab, Retifanlimab, Serplulimab, Sintilimab, Tislelizumab, ToripalimabApproved in hodgkin lymphoma: Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab.142 active of 352 hodgkin lymphoma trials | antibody, other clinical modality, protein degrader, small molecule | 13 active of 35 trials |
| CD274 across cancers → | 13 | 5 approvedAtezolizumab, Avelumab, Cosibelimab, Durvalumab, SugemalimabApproved in urothelial carcinoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, breast cancer and 6 other indications. No hodgkin lymphoma indication appears on these drugs’ labels.13 active of 58 hodgkin lymphoma trials | antibody, other clinical modality, protein degrader, small molecule | — |
| PDCD1LG2 | 1 | Phase 1Rhigm12B7No hodgkin lymphoma trial of any of these drugs | antibody, protein degrader | — |
| JAK2 across cancers → | 26 | 13 approvedBaricitinib, Delgocitinib, Deuruxolitinib, Fedratinib, Filgotinib, Lestaurtinib, Momelotinib, Momelotinib Dihydrochloride, Pacritinib, Ruxolitinib, Tofacitinib, Upadacitinib, Upadacitinib HemihydrateApproved in juvenile idiopathic arthritis, atopic eczema, rheumatoid arthritis and 16 other indications. No hodgkin lymphoma indication appears on these drugs’ labels.18 active of 45 hodgkin lymphoma trials | antibody, protein degrader, small molecule | — |
| B2M | 0 | No drug— | antibody, protein degrader, small molecule | — |
| SOCS1 | 0 | No drug— | — | — |
| TNFAIP3 | 0 | No drug— | protein degrader | — |
| XPO1 across cancers → | 1 | 1 approvedSelinexorApproved in plasma cell myeloma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. No hodgkin lymphoma indication appears on these drugs’ labels.16 active of 30 hodgkin lymphoma trials | protein degrader, small molecule | — |
| CIITA | 0 | No drug— | protein degrader | — |
| REL | 0 | No drug— | protein degrader | — |
| MS4A1 across cancers → | 18 | 11 approvedEpcoritamab, Glofitamab, Mosunetuzumab, Obinutuzumab, Ocrelizumab, Odronextamab, Ofatumumab, Rituximab, Tositumomab, Ublituximab, Yttrium Y 90 Ibritumomab TiuxetanApproved in follicular lymphoma, B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and 10 other indications. No hodgkin lymphoma indication appears on these drugs’ labels.262 active of 702 hodgkin lymphoma trials | antibody, other clinical modality, protein degrader, small molecule | 15 active of 32 trials |
Dataset evidence counts studies in the 92-study ranked set whose title or abstract names the gene; the bar is scaled to JAK2. Sources: Open Targets Platform and NCBI GEO, retrieved 2026-09-12. Clinical stage is the highest reached for any indication — see the per-drug indications noted in each row. Target-prioritisation reference only; not clinical or prescribing guidance.
What is actually approved here
openFDA drug labels · weekly4 drugs carry an FDA label naming hodgkin lymphoma: Bendamustine, Brentuximab Vedotin, Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab. Separately, 37 of the drugs returned for the genes in the table above are approved only for other diseases and reach hodgkin lymphoma through trials, not through their labels.
Every label that names hodgkin lymphoma
| Drug | Role | What the label says |
|---|---|---|
| BendamustineBELRAPZO, BENDAMUSTINE HYDROCHLORIDE, Bendamustine | Labelled here | Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) TREANDA is indicated for the treatment of patients with indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma that has progressed during or within six months of treatment with rituximab or a rituximab-containing regimen. |
| Brentuximab VedotinADCETRIS | Labelled here | Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL) Consolidation ADCETRIS is indicated for the treatment of adult patients with cHL at high risk of relapse or progression as post-autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) consolidation. |
| NivolumabOPDIVO | Labelled here | Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL) • adult and pediatric (12 years and older) patients with previously untreated, Stage III or IV classical Hodgkin lymphoma in combination with doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (AVD). |
| PembrolizumabKEYTRUDA | Labelled here | Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL) for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory cHL. |
| DoxorubicinDOXOrubicin Hydrochloride, Doxorubicin Hydrochloride, Doxorubicin hydrochloride | Backbone | for the treatment of: acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloblastic leukemia, Hodgkin lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, metastatic breast cancer, metastatic Wilms' tumor, metastatic neuroblastoma, metastatic soft tissue sarcoma, metastatic bone sarcomas, metastatic ovarian carcinoma, metastatic transitional cell bladder carcinoma, metastatic thyroid carcinoma, metastatic gastric carcinoma, met... |
| MethotrexateJYLAMVO, METHOTREXATE, Methotrexate | Backbone | Treatment of adults with relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma as part of a metronomic combination regimen |
3 labels match indications_and_usage:"Hodgkin lymphoma" OR indications_and_usage:"classical Hodgkin"; they collapse to 6 distinct molecules once salt forms, biosimilars and co-formulated hyaluronidase are merged. Source: openFDA drug label API (api.fda.gov/drug/label.json), retrieved 2026-09-12. Labels change; this reflects the current label text, not the approval history. Not prescribing guidance.
Cell therapy against PD-1
ClinicalTrials.gov · retrieved 2026-09-12 · weeklyPD-1 is the busiest cell-therapy antigen in hodgkin lymphoma: 35 registered trials, 13 still active, 1 withdrawn before enrolling anyone. It has no gene entry of its own and is reached through PDCD1: the checkpoint receptor PDCD1 encodes, on the T cell; the tumour amplifies its ligands at 9p24.1, which is why the antibodies work here in almost everyone.
| Trial | Phase | Status | Title | Last update |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT05659628 | 1 | Recruiting | CD19 CAR-T Expressing IL-7 and CCL19 Combined With Anti-PD1 in RR-DLBCL | 2022-12-21 |
| NCT06695013 | 2 | Recruiting | Immunobridging/Maintenance Therapy Versus Non-bridging Therapy in CAR-T Therapy for Low-risk R/R B-NHL | 2025-01-24 |
| NCT05741359 | 1 | Recruiting | The Safety and Efficacy of BRL-201 in the Treatment of r/r B Lymphocyte Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | 2025-11-25 |
| NCT07368270 | 1 | Recruiting | Safety and Efficacy Study of Anti-PD1 Armored CD19 CAR-T Cells in Adult Subjects With Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma | 2026-01-28 |
| NCT07489989 | 2 | Recruiting | Enhancing CAR-T Cell Therapy Efficacy in B-cell Lymphoma Via Chidamide and PD-1 Inhibitor Combination. | 2026-03-24 |
| NCT07678229 | 3 | Recruiting | BRIDGE-NK: Immunotherapy Versus Chemotherapy Induction Followed by Autologous HSCT in Advanced NKTCL | 2026-08-13 |
| NCT05352828 | 1 | Active | Autologous CD30.CAR-T in Combination With Nivolumab in cHL Patients After Failure of Frontline Therapy | 2023-04-03 |
| NCT04134325 | EARLY/1 | Active | Study of PD-1 Inhibitors After CD30.CAR T Cell Therapy in Relapsed/Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma | 2026-04-17 |
| NCT06242834 | 2 | Active | Pembrolizumab and Tazemetostat to Overcome Immune Tolerance Following ASCT or CAR T-cell Therapy in Patients With Aggressive B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma | 2026-07-13 |
| NCT03843294 | 1 | Active | Tumor Associated Antigen Specific T Cells (TAA-T) With PD1 Inhibitor for Lymphoma | 2026-08-14 |
10 of 35 shown, most recently active first. Other antigens searched: CD20 (32), CD30 (21), CD25 (5), CD47 (1), CTLA-4 (1). Source: ClinicalTrials.gov API v2, retrieved 2026-09-12. Trials are matched on the antigen named in the title or intervention, so a trial stating only a product code is missed.
Research momentum
PubMed MeSH · monthlyEvery term below is a share of the hodgkin lymphoma literature, not a count, because the field itself grew: 2015–2018 (n=1,827) against 2021–2025 (n=1,695). A topic whose papers doubled while the field doubled has not risen.
Rising, with a real baseline
| MeSH term | 2015–18 | 2021–25 | Change | Share now |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lymphoma | 1.15% | 4.9% | 4.26× | 83 papers |
| Progression-Free Survival | 1.04% | 3.3% | 3.18× | 56 papers |
| Denmark | 0.27% | 0.71% | 2.59× | 12 papers |
| Cancer Survivors | 1.04% | 2.6% | 2.5× | 44 papers |
| Neoplasm Recurrence, Local | 6.57% | 14.04% | 2.14× | 238 papers |
| Surveys and Questionnaires | 0.6% | 1.24% | 2.06× | 21 papers |
| Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized | 1.92% | 3.89% | 2.03× | 66 papers |
| Cross-Sectional Studies | 0.66% | 1.3% | 1.98× | 22 papers |
| Lymphadenopathy | 0.66% | 1.3% | 1.98× | 22 papers |
| Quality of Life | 1.53% | 2.89% | 1.89× | 49 papers |
Cooling
| MeSH term | 2015–18 | 2021–25 | Change | Share now |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antineoplastic Agents | 10.56% | 1.95% | 0.18× | 33 papers |
| Radiotherapy | 3.72% | 0.71% | 0.19× | 12 papers |
| Survival Analysis | 5.47% | 1.06% | 0.19× | 18 papers |
| Disease-Free Survival | 10.56% | 2.12% | 0.2× | 36 papers |
| Antibodies, Monoclonal | 3.89% | 0.77% | 0.2× | 13 papers |
| Kaplan-Meier Estimate | 4.43% | 0.94% | 0.21× | 16 papers |
Biggest topics now
| MeSH term | 2015–18 | 2021–25 | Change | Share now |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols | 25.67% | 26.67% | 1.04× | 452 papers |
| Neoplasm Recurrence, Local | 6.57% | 14.04% | 2.14× | 238 papers |
| Doxorubicin | 11.0% | 13.33% | 1.21× | 226 papers |
| Prognosis | 13.63% | 12.27% | 0.9× | 208 papers |
| Brentuximab Vedotin | 9.2% | 10.68% | 1.16× | 181 papers |
| Bleomycin | 10.24% | 10.68% | 1.04× | 181 papers |
| Treatment Outcome | 19.54% | 10.44% | 0.53× | 177 papers |
| Vinblastine | 9.14% | 10.21% | 1.12× | 173 papers |
| Dacarbazine | 8.81% | 9.85% | 1.12× | 167 papers |
| Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation | 8.76% | 8.91% | 1.02× | 151 papers |
Publication mix
| Type | 2015–18 | 2021–25 |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Trial | 0.1% | 0.1% |
| Randomized Controlled Trial | 2.5% | 2.4% |
| Review | 13.9% | 11.3% |
| Meta-Analysis | 1.4% | 0.9% |
| Case Reports | 0.0% | 3.2% |
Query: Hodgkin Disease[MeSH Major Topic] NOT ("Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse"[MeSH] OR "Lymphoma, T-Cell"[MeSH] OR "Lymphoma, Follicular"[MeSH] OR "Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell"[MeSH] OR "Burkitt Lymphoma"[MeSH]). Terms need at least 12 papers in the recent window and, in the rising table, at least 5 in the earlier one — a term going from 1 paper to 12 is a large fold change and no evidence of anything. Ubiquitous descriptors (Humans, Animals, age bands) and the disease’s own term are dropped. Source: PubMed MeSH, retrieved 2026-09-12.
Disease burden
What the public sources count, and how closely each category matches this disease. The same figures for every disease on the site are on one table.
| Measure | Value | Match | What it counts |
|---|---|---|---|
| New cases each year | 8,920 cases/year | direct | 2026 SEER Cancer Stat Facts, Hodgkin Lymphoma, retrieved 2026-09-12 |
| Deaths each year | 1,100 deaths/year | direct | 2026 SEER Cancer Stat Facts, Hodgkin Lymphoma, retrieved 2026-09-12 |
| Incidence rate | 2.5 cases per 100,000 people per year | direct | 2019-2023 SEER Cancer Stat Facts, Hodgkin Lymphoma, retrieved 2026-09-12 |
| Death rate | 0.2 deaths per 100,000 people per year | direct | 2020-2024 SEER Cancer Stat Facts, Hodgkin Lymphoma, retrieved 2026-09-12 |
| People living with it | 240,775 people living with the disease | direct | 2023 SEER Cancer Stat Facts, Hodgkin Lymphoma, retrieved 2026-09-12 |
| Median age at diagnosis | 38.0 years | direct | 2019-2023 SEER Cancer Stat Facts, Hodgkin Lymphoma, retrieved 2026-09-12 |
| median age at death | 72 years | direct | 2020-2024 SEER Cancer Stat Facts, Hodgkin Lymphoma, retrieved 2026-09-12 |
| Five-year relative survival | 89.3% | direct | 2016-2022 SEER Cancer Stat Facts, Hodgkin Lymphoma, retrieved 2026-09-12 |
Years of life lost
4.3 years per case, 38,559 a year, from survival and age at diagnosis rather than from a death count. derived proxy What this costs to fund is in Funding.
3 assumptions behind this estimate
- Five-year relative survival stands in for cure; a death after five years is not counted.
- The median age at diagnosis stands in for the whole age distribution.
- Life expectancy at birth (78.4 years) is the reference, rather than remaining expectancy at the age of death from a life table.
- Each assumption moves the result by more than the difference between the two diseases currently on this site, so this figure separates a disease from one ten times its size, not from a close neighbour.
Funding
NIH RePORTER · quarterlyNIH obligations naming hodgkin lymphoma, after removing the 2,018 records across all years that matched the search but are about something else. That filter is not cosmetic: without it this section reports another field’s funding as this disease’s.
NIH obligations by fiscal year
| Year | Obligations | Awards | Distinct projects | Dropped as off-topic |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FY2013 | $6.4M | 9 | 9 | 156 |
| FY2014 | $5.8M | 10 | 9 | 188 |
| FY2015 | $6.4M | 8 | 8 | 158 |
| FY2016 | $4.9M | 5 | 5 | 144 |
| FY2017 | $8.5M | 4 | 4 | 144 |
| FY2018 | $8.8M | 6 | 6 | 190 |
| FY2019 | $8.1M | 7 | 7 | 156 |
| FY2020 | $5.8M | 11 | 10 | 150 |
| FY2021 | $15.1M | 12 | 12 | 153 |
| FY2022 | $10.7M | 13 | 12 | 164 |
| FY2023 | $12.0M | 9 | 8 | 138 |
| FY2024 | $9.8M | 13 | 13 | 142 |
| FY2025 | $3.9M | 12 | 11 | 135 |
Where FY2025 money went
| Institution | Obligations | Awards |
|---|---|---|
| Stanford University | $0.9M | 2 |
| Tufts Medical Center | $0.7M | 1 |
| Research Inst Of Fox Chase Can Ctr | $0.4M | 1 |
| University Of Florida | $0.4M | 1 |
| Rush University Medical Center | $0.3M | 1 |
| St. Jude Children'S Research Hospital | $0.2M | 1 |
| Beckman Research Institute/City Of Hope | $0.2M | 1 |
| University Of Miami School Of Medicine | $0.2M | 1 |
| Washington University | $0.2M | 1 |
| Utah State Higher Education System--University Of Utah | $0.2M | 1 |
Text search Hodgkin lymphoma over project title, terms and abstract, per fiscal year. Awards are individual funding actions; distinct projects collapse them by core project number, so a multi-year grant counts once. The most recent year may be incomplete. Source: NIH RePORTER, retrieved 2026-09-12.
What that buys
Against 38,559 years of life lost a year, FY2025 obligations are $102 per life-year — $441 per case. The estimate and its assumptions are in Disease burden.
Who funds it, FY2025
The total says how much. These say who from, through what kind of award, and to whom — which a dollar figure cannot.
NIH institutes
Projects by administering institute. The rows above are the top 2 and account for 12 of 12.
Award mechanisms
R01 is an investigator-initiated grant; ZIA is NIH intramural, meaning the work happens inside NIH rather than being funded outside it. The rows above are the top 6 and account for 12 of 12.
Where it lands
Share of $3.9M in FY2025. The top three hold 52%.
Public datasets, ranked
NCBI GEO + Europe PMC + iCite · weekly300 human GEO series match hodgkin lymphoma. Keyword relevance cannot tell a 142-sample patient cohort from a six-well cell-line experiment, so this ranking scores four things GEO does not expose: how often the accession is named in full-text papers, field-normalised citation impact, clinical annotation, and cohort type.
Composition of the 92-study ranked set
Established
high reuse, older| Accession | Study | Samples | MentionsEurope PMC | RCR | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GSE17920 | Expression data of diagnostic biopsy samples from Hodgkin lymphoma patients2010 · array | 130 | 25 | 22.9 | patient cohortAPT 0.95survivalmolecular1,031 cites |
| GSE12453 | Origin and pathogenesis of lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma as revealed by global gene expression analysis2008 · array | 67 | 92 | 5.3 | APT 0.75molecular266 cites |
| GSE14879 | Gene expression study of anaplastic large cell lymphomas: cellular origin, pathogenesis and relation to Hodgkin lymphoma2009 · array | 64 | 28 | 10.7 | APT 0.95molecularCD30378 cites |
| GSE22208 | Integrative analysis reveals selective 9p24.1 amplification, increased PD-1 ligand expression, and further induction via JAK2 in nodular sclerosing Hodgkin lymphoma and primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma2010 · array | 48 | 4 | 22.2 | cell lineAPT 0.95molecularJAK2PD-1PD-L11,062 cites |
| GSE13996 | Molecular profiling of classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma tissues2008 · array | 73 | 7 | 4.3 | patient cohortAPT 0.75survivalmolecular190 cites |
| GSE120124 | Expression data from 40 lymphomas (Hodgkin, B cell, T cell)2018 · array | 40 | 3 | 0.7 | patient cohortAPT 0.05survivalstagemolecularPD-1PD-L121 cites |
| GSE20988 | Cooperative Epigenetic Modulation by Cancer Amplicon Genes2011 · array | 16 | 2 | 4.2 | APT 0.75survivalmolecularJAK2221 cites |
| GSE25990 | Hodgkin lymphoma2010 · array | 16 | 5 | 10.3 | APT 0.75483 cites |
Recent
2022 onward, by score| Accession | Study | Samples | MentionsEurope PMC | RCR | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GSE184662 | Radiogenomics features of tumor dissemination in ABVD treated cHL patients2023 · other | 126 | 1 | 2.7 | patient cohortAPT 0.9536 cites |
| GSE245920 | T cell states, repertoire and function in classical Hodgkin lymphoma revealed through single-cell analyses2024 · single-cell | 38 | 1 | 0.9 | patient cohortAPT 0.25survivalmolecularPD-1PD-L110 cites |
| GSE244989 | Circulating tumor DNA for monitoring classic Hodgkin lymphoma patients: correlation with FDG-PET/CT2023 · sequencing | 142 | 1 | 1.2 | patient cohortAPT 0.5molecular11 cites |
| GSE212902 | Histological subtypes drive distinct prognostic immune signatures in classical Hodgkin lymphoma.2022 · array | 66 | 1 | 0.3 | patient cohortAPT 0.25survivalmolecular3 cites |
| GSE211122 | Sperm DNA methylome abnormalities occur both pre- and post-treatment in men with Hodgkin disease and testicular cancer.2023 · methylation | 65 | 1 | 1.7 | APT 0.511 cites |
| GSE308257 | Role of non-coding RNAs in classical hodgkin’s lymphoma treated within the EuroNet-PHL-C2 study2026 · sequencing | 70 | 1 | — | patient cohortAPT 0.05survivalmolecular |
Sources: NCBI GEO + Europe PMC + iCite, retrieved 2026-09-12. SubSeries are collapsed to one row per study by linked PMID. Of 300 series retrieved, 80 were dropped by the profile’s exclusion rules and 90 named the disease only in passing. The ranked set is a relevance-ranked sample, not a census, so the composition figures describe the sample only.
Where the gaps are
Derived from the sections above · recomputed on every refreshEach card below is a disagreement between two of the tables on this page — a drug that exists but was never tried here, a target that looks tested and was not, a gene with no drug whose product has a busy clinical programme. They are computed from the same facts as the tables, so they cannot contradict them.
B2M
No drug, no trial, no clinical programme of any kind. Whatever the biology says, nothing has been built.
SOCS1
No drug, no trial, no clinical programme of any kind. Whatever the biology says, nothing has been built.
TNFAIP3
No drug, no trial, no clinical programme of any kind. Whatever the biology says, nothing has been built.
CIITA
No drug, no trial, no clinical programme of any kind. Whatever the biology says, nothing has been built.
REL
No drug, no trial, no clinical programme of any kind. Whatever the biology says, nothing has been built.
How a machine reads this page
StaticThis page is written to be quoted correctly by a model as much as read by a person. The same facts are available as JSON at the sibling URL below, which is what to cite. The cross-disease layer — burden, genes, drugs and antigens across every briefing — is described at /disease/api.json.
Fully server-rendered
Every figure is in the HTML at first byte. No JavaScript runs, no figure is fetched after load, and nothing on this page requires a renderer to see.
Every number carries a source
Each section names the API it came from and the date it was retrieved: Open Targets (2026-09-12), ClinicalTrials.gov (2026-09-12), openFDA (2026-09-12), NCBI GEO (2026-09-12), PubMed (2026-09-12), NIH RePORTER (2026-09-12).
Negatives stated explicitly
Where nothing exists for hodgkin lymphoma — no drug, no trial, no approval — the page says so in those words rather than omitting the row. An absent row is unquotable; a stated negative is the finding.
Denominators, not just percentages
Every share is printed with the count and the total it came from, so a figure can be checked rather than taken.
The filters are published
4 exclusion patterns are applied to free text before anything is ranked, because none of consequence is used as a model system in none: the Hodgkin lines are used for the disease. What was removed and why is stated in each section rather than silently applied.
{
"disease": "Hodgkin lymphoma",
"mesh": "Hodgkin Disease",
"facts": "https://usebiotransfer.org/disease/hodgkin-lymphoma.json",
"methods": "https://usebiotransfer.org/methods/",
"all_diseases": "https://usebiotransfer.org/disease/api.json",
"note": "Every figure on the page is in that JSON with its source and retrieval date. Quote from it rather than from the HTML."
}