Osteosarcoma: research and therapeutic landscape

12 genes recurrently implicated in osteosarcoma, triaged for whether anything can actually be aimed at them. The zeros are the informative rows.

Of 12 recurrently implicated genes, 10 carry any drug at all. That is a statement about these 12 gene targets, not about the disease: No drug carries an FDA label naming osteosarcoma either, which the next section states in full.

Dataset evidence counts studies in the 248-study ranked set whose title or abstract names the gene; the bar is scaled to MYC. Sources: Open Targets Platform and NCBI GEO, retrieved 2026-09-30. Clinical stage is the highest reached for any indication — see the per-drug indications noted in each row. Target-prioritisation reference only; not clinical or prescribing guidance.

No drug carries an FDA label naming osteosarcoma. The 26 approved drugs returned for the genes above are approved for other diseases and reach this one only through trials.

Every label that names osteosarcoma

37 labels carry a positive indication naming the disease under indications_and_usage:"osteosarcoma" OR indications_and_usage:"osteogenic sarcoma"; they collapse to 4 distinct molecules once salt forms, biosimilars and co-formulated hyaluronidase are merged. Supportive agents (Leucovorin Calcium, Levoleucovorin, Levoleucovorin Calcium) are given in the disease but do not act on it. Source: openFDA drug label API (api.fda.gov/drug/label.json), retrieved 2026-09-18. Labels change; this reflects the current label text, not the approval history. Not prescribing guidance.

GD2 is the busiest cell-therapy target among those this briefing searched in osteosarcoma: 6 registered trials naming it, 4 still active.

6 of 6 shown, most recently active first. Other targets searched: B7-H3 (5), HER2 (1). Source: ClinicalTrials.gov API v2, retrieved 2026-09-18. A trial counts here when its registered conditions name osteosarcoma or a tumour-agnostic basket, its title names an administered cell product, and the title names this target: a HER2 CAR-T trial that adds a PD-1 antibody is a HER2 trial. A trial stating only a product code is missed.

Every term below is a share of the osteosarcoma literature, not a count, because the field itself grew: 2015–2018 (n=2,726) against 2021–2025 (n=3,665). A topic whose papers doubled while the field doubled has not risen.

Rising, with a real baseline

Cooling

Biggest topics now

Publication mix

Query: Osteosarcoma[MeSH Major Topic] NOT ("Sarcoma, Ewing"[MeSH] OR "Chondrosarcoma"[MeSH] OR "Giant Cell Tumor of Bone"[MeSH] OR "Dogs"[MeSH] OR "Dog Diseases"[MeSH] OR "Osteoblasts"[MeSH]). Terms need at least 12 papers in the recent window and, in the rising table, at least 5 in the earlier one — a term going from 1 paper to 12 is a large fold change and no evidence of anything. Ubiquitous descriptors (Humans, Animals, age bands) and the disease’s own term are dropped. Source: PubMed MeSH, retrieved 2026-09-16.

What the public sources count, and how closely each category matches this disease. The same figures for every disease on the site are on one table.

Years of life lost: not computed. Years of life lost needs survival, age at diagnosis and a case count. five_year_relative_survival, median_age_at_diagnosis is not recorded for this disease.

NIH obligations naming osteosarcoma, after removing the 2,869 records across all years that matched the search but are about something else. That filter is not cosmetic: without it this section reports another field’s funding as this disease’s.

NIH obligations by fiscal year

Where FY2025 money went

Text search osteosarcoma over project title, terms and abstract, per fiscal year. Awards are individual funding actions; distinct projects collapse them by core project number, so a multi-year grant counts once. The most recent year may be incomplete. Source: NIH RePORTER, retrieved 2026-09-19.

Who funds it, FY2025

The total says how much. These say who from, through what kind of award, and to whom — which a dollar figure cannot.

1,013 human GEO series match osteosarcoma. Keyword relevance cannot tell a 144-sample patient cohort from a six-well cell-line experiment, so this ranking scores four things GEO does not expose: how often the accession is named in full-text papers, field-normalised citation impact, clinical annotation, and cohort type.

Composition of the 248-study ranked set

Sources: NCBI GEO + Europe PMC + iCite, retrieved 2026-09-19. SubSeries are collapsed to one row per study by linked PMID. Of 1,013 series retrieved, 191 were dropped by the profile’s exclusion rules and 526 named the disease only in passing. The ranked set is a relevance-ranked sample, not a census, so the composition figures describe the sample only.

Each card below is a disagreement between two of the tables on this page — a drug that exists but was never tried here, a target that looks tested and was not, a gene with no drug whose product has a busy clinical programme. They are computed from the same facts as the tables, so they cannot contradict them.

This page is written to be quoted correctly by a model as much as read by a person. The same facts are available as JSON at the sibling URL below, which is what to cite. The cross-disease layer — burden, genes, drugs and antigens across every briefing — is described at /disease/api.json.

{
  "disease": "Osteosarcoma",
  "mesh": "Osteosarcoma",
  "facts": "https://usebiotransfer.org/disease/osteosarcoma.json",
  "methods": "https://usebiotransfer.org/methods/",
  "all_diseases": "https://usebiotransfer.org/disease/api.json",
  "note": "Every figure on the page is in that JSON with its source and retrieval date. Quote from it rather than from the HTML."
}