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Genome-wide 5mC and 5hmC patterns determine unique transcriptional signatures,regulators and exon inclusion of neural cell types in mouse brain [RNA-Seq]

GSE243373 Mus musculus (mouse) RNA-seq (gene expression) 15 samples Submitted 2024/08/09 Platform GPL24247
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · mouse · 15 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Mus musculus (mouse)
Samples
15 samples: 5 × P28 cortical neurons vs 5 × P28 cortical astrocytes vs 5 × P28 cortical microgliaGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Decoding the Epigenetic Landscape: Insights into 5mC and 5hmC Patterns in Mouse Cortical Cell TypesbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
Summary (written by the submitters)
The DNA modifications, 5-methylcytosine (5mc) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmc), represent powerful epigenetic regulators of temporal and spatial gene expression across unique brain cell types in health and disease. Yet, how the cooperation of these genome-wide, epigenetic marks vary across different neural cell populations serve to determine unique transcriptional signatures and alternative splicing has not been evaluated.
Read the full summary ↓
Here we applied Nanopore sequencing of native DNA to obtain a complete, genome wide, single-base resolution atlas of 5mc and 5hmc modifications in neurons, astrocytes and microglia in the mouse cortex (over 40 million CpG sites quantified, 99% genome coverage). Cell-type specific RNA sequencing was performed in tandem to evaluate the transcript expression of all coding genes. In each cell type evaluated integrating the DNA methylation status with coding gene expression revealed 5hmc positively correlated with gene expression. We identified that 5hmC was enriched in astrocytes and demonstrated 100% positive correlation with previously described and novel astrocyte specific cell markers. As reported, 5mC methylation in promoters negatively correlated with gene expression across cell types and this modification was highest in microglia. Our analysis also identified several novel transcription factors which cooperate with 5mC and 5hmC methylation to regulate exon inclusion across all cell populations. Finally, we provide this quantitative, genome-wide, base resolution DNA methylation data as an interactive, online resource (NAM-ME, Neuronal, Astrocyte, Microglia Methylome) to serve as a benchmark dataset for those interested in the methylome landscape in pre-clinical murine models in health and disease.
Published in
Decoding the Epigenetic Landscape: Insights into 5mC and 5hmC Patterns in Mouse Cortical Cell Types
Wei X, Li J, Cheng Z et al. · bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology 2024 · PMID 39026756 · doi:10.1101/2024.07.06.602342
This dataset
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE243373_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1017901 and SRA study SRP460837. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
5 × P28 cortical neurons vs 5 × P28 cortical astrocytes vs 5 × P28 cortical microglia

Supports a between-group comparison across 15 samples.

How we read this: 3 replicated groups read from 15 sample titles; they account for 15 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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