GEO series

Oligodendroglial precursors orchestrate immune cellular network instigating multiple sclerosis

GSE244660 Mus musculus (mouse) RNA-seq (gene expression) 10 samples Submitted 2025/02/01 Platform GPL21103Platform GPL23479

At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · mouse · 10 samples

What it is: RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism: Mus musculus (mouse)
Samples: 10 samples: 3 × WT_OPC vs 3 × APCKO_OPC vs 3 × cytotoxic MacrophageGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get: A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper: Oligodendroglial precursor cells modulate immune response and early demyelination in a murine model of multiple sclerosisScience translational medicine · 2025

Summary (written by the submitters)

The immunomodulatory cellular network that triggers early inflammation and demyelination, the key steps in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis remains poorly characterized. Here, we demonstrate that overactivation of the Wnt pathway promotes pathological transformation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to replicate pathological OPCs in human MS.

Read the full summary ↓

In mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), pathological OPCs attract CD4+ T-helper 1 (Th1) cells into the spinal cord and the brain through CC-chemokine ligand 4 (CCL4). Th1 cells cooperate with OPCs inducing subpopulation of cytotoxic macrophages that execute early demyelination. Simultaneously, Th1 cells and cytotoxic macrophages upregulate Wnt signaling and CCL4 expression in OPCs, thus exerting positive feedback onto the OPC-immune cascade and establishing a vicious cycle propagating EAE pathogenesis. Breaking this cascade by targeting CCL4 reduces immune cell infiltration, alleviates demyelination, and attenuates EAE severity. Our findings demonstrate a closely coordinated network of OPCs and immune cells therefore providing an alternative insight into MS pathophysiology

Published in

Oligodendroglial precursor cells modulate immune response and early demyelination in a murine model of multiple sclerosis

Wang Q, Huang T, Zheng Z et al. · Science translational medicine 2025 · PMID 40173259 · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.adn9980

This dataset

Open GSE244660 in finder → Find more mouse RNA-seq datasets →

Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE244660_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1023979 and SRA study SRP464534. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 40173259) ↗

Study design

3 × WT_OPC vs 3 × APCKO_OPC vs 3 × cytotoxic Macrophage

Supports a between-group comparison across 9 samples.

How we read this: 3 replicated groups read from 10 sample titles; they account for 9 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study

GSM7823493 WT_OPC_1 WT_OPC
GSM7823494 WT_OPC_2 WT_OPC
GSM7823495 WT_OPC_3 WT_OPC
GSM7823496 APCKO_OPC_1 APCKO_OPC
GSM7823497 APCKO_OPC_2 APCKO_OPC
GSM7823498 APCKO_OPC_3 APCKO_OPC
GSM7823499 cytotoxic Macrophage_1 cytotoxic Macrophage
GSM7823500 cytotoxic Macrophage_2 cytotoxic Macrophage
GSM7823501 cytotoxic Macrophage_3 cytotoxic Macrophage
GSM7823502 Th1

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