Preliminary Mechanistic Study on the Preventive Effect of Soybean PA Extract on Obesity Induced by High-Fat Diet

We systematically observed the effects of PA by constructing an obesity model in mice. Preliminary results indicate that a high-fat diet (HFD) containing PA can reverse the obesity process in mice. In mice fed with HFD, the addition of PA can prevent the elevation of lipoprotein a [LP(a)] levels, which is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. These results suggest that PA may have the potential to prevent obesity as well as cardiovascular and heart-related diseases.To further explore the mechanism of action of PA, we continued RNA-seq experiments on mice fed with a normal diet (ND), HFD, and HFD supplemented with different concentrations of PA (HFD + PA). The results indicate that hundreds of HFD-regulated genes are functionally enriched in fat metabolism and defense systems. The high-fat diet containing PA reverses a significant portion of the upregulated and downregulated genes induced by HFD, with the reversed genes significantly enriched in metabolism and defense Gene Ontology (GO) terms. This suggests that PA may prevent obesity and inflammatory infections in mice by interfering with lipid synthesis and improving defense systems.