Effect of cyclic strain in neurons isolated from dorsal root ganglia

Organs and cells in our body are continuously exposed to mechanical forces. Neurons, in particular, encounter mechanical stimuli during neurodevelopment, aging, pathological conditions, and routine functions such as homeostatic processes and movement. How do cells, which endure mechanical stress on a daily basis, withstand these forces and remain functional throughout our long lifespans? To maintain their functionality, cells must have evolved self-repair mechanisms that allow them to tolerate stress and repair damage up to a manageable threshold. This study aims to explore the relationship between damage and repair mechanisms that are crucial for preserving the structural and functional integrity of axons over time. Dorsal Root Ganglia neurons are used as a model system, as they are particularly relevant due to their exposure to daily mechanical movements. An experimental setup has been developed to apply repeated cycles of compression to neurons grown on an elastic substrate. Understanding how neurons respond to mechanical strain and sustain homeostasis will not only deepen our knowledge of the effects of mechanical stress on neurons but also provide valuable insights into restoring cellular functions.