Spatiotemporal single cell analysis of endothelial cells in response to T cell therapy

Immunotherapy fails in patients with low immunogenic tumours. In turn, adding a vascular modulatory drug potentially overcomes tumour resistance to immunotherapy. Yet, vascular mechanisms that can on-demand evoke an effective anti-tumour T cell response remain elusive. Temporally tracing TEC responsiveness to T cell intervention, we investigate the response of EC to adopted anti-tumor T cells with a liver metastasis mouse model. Further analyszed discovered a unique lipoprotein lipase (LPL) expressing TEC subset that displayed a strong vascular immune response and facilitated T cell accumulation in the perivascular niches. Single cell analysis of other immune cells isolated from wild type and endothelial specific Lpl ko and ki mice showed no effect by EC-LPL, suggesting a direct interaction between EC and homing T cells. Our study offers a new notion on how ECs regulate anti-tumor T cell therapy.