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Treg cells retain stable lineage commitment during pregnancy in mice after late gestation inflammatory challenge

GSE308931 Mus musculus (mouse) RNA-seq (gene expression) 10 samples Submitted 2026/03/04 Platform GPL24247
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · mouse · 10 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Mus musculus (mouse)
Samples
10 samples: 5 × Treg, sorted from mouse uterus-draining lymph node gestation day 18.5, vs 5 × exFoxp3, sorted from mouse uterus-draining lymph node gestation day 18.5,Groups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Treg cells retain stable lineage commitment during pregnancy in mice after late gestation inflammatory challengeImmunology and cell biology · 2026
Summary (written by the submitters)
Inflammation is a major driver of preterm birth, a common pregnancy disorder and the leading cause of childhood death. T regulatory (Treg) cells are essential mediators of maternal fetal tolerance and are critical for constraining uterine inflammation. In some tissue settings, loss of Foxp3 expression can cause instability in Treg cell lineage commitment, elevated production of proinflammatory cytokines, and compromised suppressive function.
Read the full summary ↓
Whether preterm birth susceptibility is associated with loss of lineage fidelity and adoption of pro-inflammatory phenotypes in Treg cells is unknown. In this study, we investigated the lineage stability of Treg cells in vivo in mice using a Foxp3 fate-mapping system and models of preterm birth induced by late-gestation inflammatory challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Ex-Foxp3-expressing (exFoxp3) cells were observed in the uterus-draining lymph nodes (udLNs) in non-pregnant mice and in similar abundance across normal gestation, and a proportion expressed pro-inflammatory cytokines IFNγ and/or IL-17A. Bulk RNA-sequencing of sorted Treg and exFoxp3 cells from late-gestation udLNs revealed substantial loss of the Treg cell lineage program in exFoxp3 cells, characterised by reversal in expression of canonical Treg cell genes and pathways. Late gestation LPS or IL-1β administration to induce preterm birth did not expand the exFoxp3 cell population. We conclude that uterine Treg cells exhibit a high level of lineage stability in pregnancy regardless of proinflammatory challenge. Whether there is any biological or pathophysiological significance of exFoxp3 cells in gestational tissues remains to be defined.
Published in
Treg cells retain stable lineage commitment during pregnancy in mice after late gestation inflammatory challenge
Foyle KL, Green ES, Walker-Rogers JR et al. · Immunology and cell biology 2026 · PMID 41733279 · doi:10.1111/imcb.70081
This dataset
Open GSE308931 in finder → Find more mouse RNA-seq datasets →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE308931_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1333426 and SRA study SRP625615. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 41733279) ↗
Study design
5 × Treg, sorted from mouse uterus-draining lymph node gestation day 18.5, vs 5 × exFoxp3, sorted from mouse uterus-draining lymph node gestation day 18.5,

Supports a between-group comparison across 10 samples.

How we read this: 2 replicated groups read from 10 sample titles; they account for 10 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study
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