Metabolite-driven remodeling of hepatic lipid metabolism by the plasticizer di-isononyl phthalate

Phthalates are widely used as plasticizers and solvents in common consumer products and are suspected to be metabolism-disrupting chemicals (MDCs). Di-isononyl phthalate (DINP) is a commonly used phthalate, which has been shown to induce liver damage, but the mechanisms and human relevance remain unclear. The effects of DINP on hepatic lipid metabolism were studied using a diet-induced obesity model of C56BL/6J male mice. The mice were orally exposed to 0, 1.5, 15 or 150 mg/kg bw/d DINP for 20 weeks next to a high-fat diet (HFD) with 45% calories from fat (Research Diets D12451), followed by assessment of the liver transcriptome.