GEO series

An mRNA vaccine confers enhanced protection against herpes sim-plex virus through a type I interferon-dependent pathway

GSE322599 Mus musculus (mouse) RNA-seq (gene expression) 12 samples Submitted 2026/06/24 Platform GPL24247

At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · mouse · 12 samples

What it is: RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism: Mus musculus (mouse)
Samples: 12 samples: 3 × PBS vs 3 × gD2 vs 3 × gD2-gC1 vs 3 × gD2-gE1Groups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get: A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper: ‌An mRNA vaccine confers enhanced protection against herpes simplex virus through an IFN-I-dependent pathwayNPJ vaccines · 2026

Summary (written by the submitters)

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 cause widespread oral or genital infections, but no prophylactic or therapeutic HSV vaccine has been approved to date. In this study, we developed three mRNA vaccine candidates expressing key viral glycopro-teins: monovalent gD2, bivalent gD2-gC1, and bivalent gD2-gE1. We assessed their immunogenicity and protective efficacy in a murine model.

Read the full summary ↓

All candidates elicited robust humoral and cellular immunity and provided significant protection against in-travaginal HSV challenge. Notably, the gD2-gE1 vaccine induced markedly stronger immune responses. Mechanistically, its superior immunoprotective efficacy was asso-ciated with the stronger IFN‑I response, which thereby enhanced the adaptive immune response. Collectively, our findings provide a scientific rationale and valuable insights for the future HSV vaccines development

Published in

‌An mRNA vaccine confers enhanced protection against herpes simplex virus through an IFN-I-dependent pathway

Zhao W, Sun L, Wang P et al. · NPJ vaccines 2026 · PMID 41986380 · doi:10.1038/s41541-026-01450-8

This dataset

Open GSE322599 in finder → Find more mouse RNA-seq datasets →

Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓

2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE322599_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓

3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1430693 and SRA study SRP680276. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 41986380) ↗

Study design

3 × PBS vs 3 × gD2 vs 3 × gD2-gC1 vs 3 × gD2-gE1

Supports a between-group comparison across 12 samples.

How we read this: 4 replicated groups read from 12 sample titles; they account for 12 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study

GSM9555342 PBS rep1 PBS
GSM9555343 PBS rep2 PBS
GSM9555344 PBS rep3 PBS
GSM9555345 gD2 rep1 gD2
GSM9555346 gD2 rep2 gD2
GSM9555347 gD2 rep3 gD2
GSM9555348 gD2-gC1 rep1 gD2-gC1
GSM9555349 gD2-gC1 rep2 gD2-gC1
GSM9555350 gD2-gC1 rep3 gD2-gC1
GSM9555351 gD2-gE1 rep1 gD2-gE1
GSM9555352 gD2-gE1 rep2 gD2-gE1
GSM9555353 gD2-gE1 rep3 gD2-gE1

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Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.