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Basal/squamous and mixed subtype bladder cancers present poor outcomes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the VESPER trial

GSE279390 Homo sapiens (human) RNA-seq (gene expression) 540 samples Submitted 2024/10/19 Platform GPL24676
At a glance

RNA-seq (gene expression) · human · 540 samples

What it is
RNA-seq (gene expression)Gene activity measured by sequencing. The summary does not mention single-cell work, so this is most likely bulk: one average per sample, the usual starting point for comparing groups.
Organism
Homo sapiens (human)
Topic
Bladder cancerThis series is part of our curated briefing on it.
Samples
540 samples: 94 conditions, mostly in duplicateGroups are read from the sample names, not from the paper. Check the list below.
Data you can get
A processed table (series matrix) and supplementary files from NCBI; the raw sequencing reads from ENA. Which of these hold counts depends on the study, so check the file list.
Paper
Basal/squamous and mixed subtype bladder cancers present poor outcomes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the VESPER trialAnnals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2025
Summary (written by the submitters)
Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is the standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), yet 40% of patients progress, emphasizing the need for biomarkers predictive for response or chemoresistance. Gene expression-based subtypes may serve as biomarkers, though which subtypes will respond, notably when it comes to the basal subtype, remains contentious.
Read the full summary ↓
Patients and methods: This post hoc study analyzed 300 NAC-treated patients enrolled in the GETUG/AFU VESPER trial, with transurethral diagnostic formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded which underwent pathological review before being sequenced. ‘Mixed’ subtype was defined for tumors displaying at least two different Consensus molecular subtypes in separate regions. We evaluated the association between molecular subtypes and outcome after NAC. Tumors with remaining tissue at cystectomy (n ¼ 83) were compared with pre-treatment tumors. Results: Cases were classified basal/squamous (Ba/Sq) (n ¼ 84), luminal unstable (n = 57), stroma-rich (n = 53), mixed (n = 48), luminal papillary (n ¼ 39), luminal non-specific (n = 18), and neuroendocrine-like (n ¼ 1), with 30/48 mixed cases including a Ba/Sq component. Compared with other molecular subtypes in a multivariate Cox model, Ba/Sq (pure or mixed) patients had an increased hazard ratio (HR) of progression-free survival [HR 2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.36-3.0]. Mixed tumors were associated with decreased metabolic activity that could account for chemoresistance. Ba/Sq and mixed non-responders mostly maintained their subtype at cystectomy and have fewer myeloid dendritic cells after NAC. Tumors classified luminal papillary at transurethral resection of the urinary bladder tumor exhibited an increase in T CD4þ and macrophage signatures after NAC. Other subtypes did not show significant immune changes after NAC. Our study design relied on detailed pathological review, which precluded evaluating the mixed subtype in published datasets. Furthermore, the sample size for post-NAC analyses constrained the statistical power of these findings. Conclusions: Our findings underscore the importance of recognizing intra-tumor heterogeneity in MIBC and its role in chemoresistance associated with Ba/Sq subtype, and provide valuable insights that could help future treatment development and improve patient outcomes.
Published in
Basal/squamous and mixed subtype bladder cancers present poor outcomes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the VESPER trial
Groeneveld CS, Pfister C, Culine S et al. · Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology 2025 · PMID 39299443 · doi:10.1016/j.annonc.2024.09.008
This dataset
Open GSE279390 in finder → Find more human RNA-seq datasets → Bladder cancer landscape →
Download · which file do I need?

Direct links to NCBI and ENA, no account and no request form. Pick by what you want to do: take the small processed table to look, the supplementary files to re-analyse, or the original raw data to start over.

1 · Just have a look

Processed table

The series matrix: one table of values per sample as the submitters processed it. The smallest download, and it opens in Excel or R. Start here to see what the data look like.

Series matrix ↓
2 · Re-analyse it

Supplementary files

The count tables and other files the authors uploaded. Take only the samples you need, or the whole study as GSE279390_RAW.tar (it can run to tens of gigabytes).

All supplementary files ↗ Whole study · RAW.tar ↓
3 · Start from the raw reads

Raw sequencing reads

The original FASTQ files, straight from the sequencer, held at ENA. Large, and you align them yourself, so only choose this if you need to re-process the study from scratch.

Raw reads on ENA ↗

What the files usually look like: For RNA-seq the counts are usually a table among the supplementary files (look for 'counts', 'expression', 'FPKM' or 'TPM' in the file name). The series matrix of a sequencing study is sometimes nearly empty.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1172599 and SRA study SRP538410. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

NCBI GEO page ↗ Paper (PMID 39299443) ↗
Study design
94 conditions, mostly in duplicate
VB ×153 VO ×10 VB102_z ×4 VB239_z ×4 VB006_z ×4 VB032_z ×3 VB084_z ×3 VB292_z ×3 +125 more

Supports a between-group comparison across 361 samples.

How we read this: 94 replicated groups read from the first 400 of 540 sample titles; they account for 361 of them. These groups are guessed from the sample names, not taken from the paper, so check them against the sample list below before relying on them.

Samples in this study

+ 500 more — browse all 540 samples with per-sample file links →

More Bladder cancer datasets

Search all human RNA-seq datasets in GEO →

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Metadata from NCBI GEO, cached and refreshed periodically — the NCBI page above is authoritative. Downloads link straight to NCBI/ENA; nothing is proxied through BioTransfer.