Disease intelligence · mutation landscape
Merkel cell carcinoma mutation landscape
How often each gene is altered in merkel cell carcinoma, in each sequenced cohort, over the patients on whom it could have been called. Copy number is its own row. Nothing is pooled.
Answer block
In MSK-IMPACT 50K, Merkel cell carcinoma subset (2026) (142 sequenced patients, targeted panel), the most frequently altered of the 47 genes shown are TP53 24.65%, RB1 21.13%, KMT2D 13.38%, NOTCH1 11.97%, NOTCH2 11.97%. Each figure divides by the patients on whom that gene could be called.
Of the briefing's 12 curated targets, 1 are altered in under 2% of this cohort (SOX2): targets by expression, dependency or drug label, not by mutation. Frequency is not targetability, in either direction.
2 cohorts are shown and none are pooled; overlap between them has not been checked and there is no disease-wide percentage.
Evidence boundary: frequency here is a count in a named cohort. Whether an alteration is a driver, is actionable, or has a drug is the briefing's question and is not inferred from these numbers.
What is altered, by cohort
One row per alteration, not per gene: a gene that is amplified and rarely mutated (ERBB2, MYCN, EGFR) gets a row for each. Every cell divides by its own denominator — the patients in that cohort on whom that gene could be called. Copy-number rows are shown only where at least one cohort reaches 2%.
| Alteration | msk_impact_50k_2026 142 pts · targeted panel | msk_impact_2017 63 pts · targeted panel |
|---|---|---|
| TP53 SNV / small indel | 24.65%35/142 | 25.4%16/63 |
| RB1 SNV / small indel | 21.13%30/142 | 19.05%12/63 |
| RB1 deep deletion | 5.63%8/142 | 7.94%5/63 |
| CD274 SNV / small indel | 2.11%3/142 | 3.17%2/63 |
| PDCD1 SNV / small indel | 1.41%2/142 | 1.59%1/63 |
| PDCD1 deep deletion | 2.11%3/142 | 1.59%1/63 |
| PIK3CA SNV / small indel | 4.93%7/142 | 6.35%4/63 |
| NOTCH1 SNV / small indel | 11.97%17/142 | 11.11%7/63 |
| KMT2D SNV / small indel | 13.38%19/142 | 15.87%10/63 |
| MYCL SNV / small indel | 0% | 0% |
| MYCL amplification | 2.82%4/142 | 3.17%2/63 |
| ATOH1 SNV / small indel | · | · |
| SOX2 SNV / small indel | 0% | 0% |
| NCAM1 SNV / small indel | · | · |
| LAG3 SNV / small indel | · | · |
| NOTCH2 SNV / small indel | 11.97%17/142 | 9.52%6/63 |
| ROS1 SNV / small indel | 10.56%15/142 | 9.52%6/63 |
| NOTCH3 SNV / small indel | 10.56%15/142 | 9.52%6/63 |
| SMARCA4 SNV / small indel | 9.86%14/142 | 9.52%6/63 |
| KMT2C SNV / small indel | 9.15%13/142 | 9.52%6/63 |
| PTPRD SNV / small indel | 8.45%12/142 | 6.35%4/63 |
| MGA SNV / small indel | 9.68%12/124 | 7.32%3/41 |
| FAT1 SNV / small indel | 8.45%12/142 | 7.94%5/63 |
| ARID2 SNV / small indel | 8.45%12/142 | 4.76%3/63 |
| ERBB4 SNV / small indel | 7.75%11/142 | 9.52%6/63 |
| CREBBP SNV / small indel | 7.75%11/142 | 6.35%4/63 |
| ZFHX3 SNV / small indel | 8.06%10/124 | 7.32%3/41 |
| ZFHX3 deep deletion | 2.11%3/142 | 0% |
| EPHA3 SNV / small indel | 7.04%10/142 | 7.94%5/63 |
| BRD4 SNV / small indel | 7.04%10/142 | 6.35%4/63 |
| BRCA2 SNV / small indel | 7.04%10/142 | 7.94%5/63 |
| SPEN SNV / small indel | 6.34%9/142 | 4.76%3/63 |
| RET SNV / small indel | 6.34%9/142 | 6.35%4/63 |
| PTEN SNV / small indel | 6.34%9/142 | 4.76%3/63 |
| IRS2 SNV / small indel | 6.34%9/142 | 6.35%4/63 |
| GRIN2A SNV / small indel | 6.34%9/142 | 6.35%4/63 |
| EPHA5 SNV / small indel | 6.34%9/142 | 3.17%2/63 |
| EPHA5 deep deletion | 1.41%2/142 | 3.17%2/63 |
| ARID1A SNV / small indel | 6.34%9/142 | 9.52%6/63 |
| ANKRD11 SNV / small indel | 7.26%9/124 | 7.32%3/41 |
| PIK3CG SNV / small indel | 5.63%8/142 | 4.76%3/63 |
| PAK5 SNV / small indel | 5.63%8/142 | 4.76%3/63 |
| NOTCH4 SNV / small indel | 5.63%8/142 | 7.94%5/63 |
| NF1 SNV / small indel | 5.63%8/142 | 4.76%3/63 |
| MDC1 SNV / small indel | 5.63%8/142 | 3.17%2/63 |
| ATM SNV / small indel | 5.63%8/142 | 1.59%1/63 |
| APC SNV / small indel | 5.63%8/142 | 4.76%3/63 |
| ALK SNV / small indel | 5.63%8/142 | 4.76%3/63 |
| TSC2 SNV / small indel | 4.93%7/142 | 6.35%4/63 |
| PTPRS SNV / small indel | 4.93%7/142 | 3.17%2/63 |
| POLE SNV / small indel | 4.93%7/142 | 1.59%1/63 |
| PDGFRB SNV / small indel | 4.93%7/142 | 4.76%3/63 |
observed — shade scales with frequency, full at 30% assayed, none found not on this cohort's panel cohort not readable
Key findings
TP53 is mutated in 35 of 142 patients in MSK-IMPACT 50K, Merkel cell carcinoma subset (2026).
RB1 is mutated in 30 of 142 patients in MSK-IMPACT 50K, Merkel cell carcinoma subset (2026).
KMT2D is mutated in 19 of 142 patients in MSK-IMPACT 50K, Merkel cell carcinoma subset (2026).
Gene table — reference cohort
Headline values are from the reference cohort, msk_impact_50k_2026; the matrix above keeps every cohort separate. "Curated" marks a gene the disease briefing lists as a target; the rest are here because they are among the most frequently mutated genes in the reference cohort. Recurrent changes are the reference cohort's commonest protein changes.
FDA biomarker marks a gene the FDA recognises as a biomarker of response to an approved drug; FDA, tumour-agnostic marks the five that apply whatever the primary site. Hover for the drug, the tumour type and the year. This is level 1 only, United States only, and frozen at November 2022 — a dash means the gene was not FDA-recognised on that date, not that it is undruggable, and not that no trial exists. The frequency beside it is how often the gene is altered in this disease, which is a different question from whether these patients are eligible for the drug. Source: Quantifying the Expanding Landscape of Clinical Actionability for Patients with Cancer. Cancer Discovery 2024;14(1):49-65. doi:10.1158/2159-8290.CD-23-0467, Table 1
| Gene | FDA status | Why listed | Largest alteration | Altered / tested | Frequency | Without hypermutated | Cohorts observed | Range across cohorts | Recurrent changes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TP53 | — | curated target | SNV / small indel | 35 / 142 | 24.65% | — | 2 / 2 | 24.65–25.4% | R248W (n=5), R342* (n=4), R248Q (n=3), X125_splice (n=3), R196* (n=3) |
| RB1 | — | curated target | SNV / small indel | 30 / 142 | 21.13% | — | 2 / 2 | 19.05–21.13% | X464_splice (n=2), X474_splice (n=2), X376_splice (n=2), R787* (n=2), X406_splice (n=2) |
| CD274 | — | curated target | SNV / small indel | 3 / 142 | 2.11% | — | 2 / 2 | 2.11–3.17% | G95R (n=1), T20I (n=1), I247N (n=1) |
| PDCD1 | — | curated target | deep deletion | 3 / 142 | 2.11% mutation 1.41% | — | 2 / 2 | 1.41–1.59% | V171I (n=1), P287L (n=1) |
| PIK3CA | FDA biomarker2019 · 1 drug | curated target | SNV / small indel | 7 / 142 | 4.93% | — | 2 / 2 | 4.93–6.35% | E542K (n=4), D454N (n=1), E726K (n=1), A1035V (n=1), P266S (n=1) |
| NOTCH1 | — | curated target | SNV / small indel | 17 / 142 | 11.97% | — | 2 / 2 | 11.11–11.97% | C400G (n=1), R1082C (n=1), A2358T (n=1), G635R (n=1), W287* (n=1) |
| KMT2D | — | curated target | SNV / small indel | 19 / 142 | 13.38% | — | 2 / 2 | 13.38–15.87% | P2197S (n=2), T2314I (n=2), P2354Lfs*30 (n=1), R2734* (n=1), Q3441* (n=1) |
| MYCL | — | curated target | amplification | 4 / 142 | 2.82% mutation 0.0% | — | 0 / 2 | 0.0–0.0% | none recurrent |
| ATOH1 | — | curated target | SNV / small indel | 0 / null | 0.0% | — | 0 / 2 | null–null% | none recurrent |
| SOX2 | — | curated target | SNV / small indel | 0 / 142 | 0.0% | — | 0 / 2 | 0.0–0.0% | none recurrent |
| NCAM1 | — | curated target | SNV / small indel | 0 / null | 0.0% | — | 0 / 2 | null–null% | none recurrent |
| LAG3 | — | curated target | SNV / small indel | 0 / null | 0.0% | — | 0 / 2 | null–null% | none recurrent |
| NOTCH2 | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 17 / 142 | 11.97% | — | 2 / 2 | 9.52–11.97% | Q1865* (n=1), R2036* (n=1), G737V (n=1), E555K (n=1), D1481A (n=1) |
| ROS1 | FDA biomarker2016 · 2 drugs | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 15 / 142 | 10.56% | — | 2 / 2 | 9.52–10.56% | R863W (n=1), S262F (n=1), G2245V (n=1), G140R (n=1), M2043I (n=1) |
| NOTCH3 | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 15 / 142 | 10.56% | — | 2 / 2 | 9.52–10.56% | W1434* (n=1), C144Y (n=1), C608* (n=1), C617Y (n=1), F181L (n=1) |
| SMARCA4 | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 14 / 142 | 9.86% | — | 2 / 2 | 9.52–9.86% | R1192C (n=2), P1049L (n=1), D1086N (n=1), T789I (n=1), P313L (n=1) |
| KMT2C | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 13 / 142 | 9.15% | — | 2 / 2 | 9.15–9.52% | E4639K (n=2), Q2503* (n=2), E723K (n=1), P573S (n=1), Q4820* (n=1) |
| PTPRD | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 12 / 142 | 8.45% | — | 2 / 2 | 6.35–8.45% | P153R (n=2), P360L (n=2), X1503_splice (n=1), E1810K (n=1), R753K (n=1) |
| MGA | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 12 / 124 | 9.68% | — | 2 / 2 | 7.32–9.68% | S1716F (n=1), P144L (n=1), P1274S (n=1), S1501F (n=1), S2077F (n=1) |
| FAT1 | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 12 / 142 | 8.45% | — | 2 / 2 | 7.94–8.45% | D2518N (n=2), X1089_splice (n=1), L4339F (n=1), D2258N (n=1), D1405N (n=1) |
| ARID2 | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 12 / 142 | 8.45% | — | 2 / 2 | 4.76–8.45% | X1641_splice (n=1), H357Y (n=1), L1079F (n=1), S863* (n=1), S813F (n=1) |
| ERBB4 | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 11 / 142 | 7.75% | — | 2 / 2 | 7.75–9.52% | G830K (n=1), S1105F (n=1), P1053S (n=1), H470Y (n=1), R95C (n=1) |
| CREBBP | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 11 / 142 | 7.75% | — | 2 / 2 | 6.35–7.75% | I1084Sfs*15 (n=1), P528L (n=1), C1240Y (n=1), D1273N (n=1), E996K (n=1) |
| ZFHX3 | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 10 / 124 | 8.06% | — | 2 / 2 | 7.32–8.06% | P2058S (n=1), P3455S (n=1), E2221K (n=1), G3168R (n=1), S2963L (n=1) |
| EPHA3 | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 10 / 142 | 7.04% | — | 2 / 2 | 7.04–7.94% | M1? (n=1), Q458L (n=1), E247K (n=1), E338K (n=1), G783R (n=1) |
| BRD4 | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 10 / 142 | 7.04% | — | 2 / 2 | 6.35–7.04% | P1071S (n=1), A220T (n=1), A1340V (n=1), P946S (n=1), P819L (n=1) |
| BRCA2 | FDA biomarker2014 · 1 drug | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 10 / 142 | 7.04% | — | 2 / 2 | 7.04–7.94% | L3352F (n=1), R2842C (n=1), S780L (n=1), K2555* (n=1), P1510L (n=1) |
| SPEN | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 9 / 142 | 6.34% | — | 2 / 2 | 4.76–6.34% | V2929M (n=1), P191L (n=1), P1839L (n=1), G398K (n=1), E1664K (n=1) |
| RET | FDA, tumour-agnostic2020 · 2 drugs | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 9 / 142 | 6.34% | — | 2 / 2 | 6.34–6.35% | S1026F (n=1), D874N (n=1), E701K (n=1), T461I (n=1), W1099Y (n=1) |
| PTEN | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 9 / 142 | 6.34% | — | 2 / 2 | 4.76–6.34% | R130Q (n=1), T131Kfs*52 (n=1), L70F (n=1), P95L (n=1), R55W (n=1) |
| IRS2 | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 9 / 142 | 6.34% | — | 2 / 2 | 6.34–6.35% | P333S (n=1), A787V (n=1), S1153F (n=1), E526K (n=1), G1305E (n=1) |
| GRIN2A | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 9 / 142 | 6.34% | — | 2 / 2 | 6.34–6.35% | W7* (n=1), I836S (n=1), D344N (n=1), S1425L (n=1), V341D (n=1) |
| EPHA5 | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 9 / 142 | 6.34% | — | 2 / 2 | 3.17–6.34% | E149K (n=2), P939L (n=2), G698E (n=1), E279K (n=1), M788I (n=1) |
| ARID1A | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 9 / 142 | 6.34% | — | 2 / 2 | 6.34–9.52% | K1072Nfs*21 (n=1), P1518S (n=1), G313K (n=1), S1091F (n=1), P1557S (n=1) |
| ANKRD11 | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 9 / 124 | 7.26% | — | 2 / 2 | 7.26–7.32% | A1242T (n=1), G1616E (n=1), G2273D (n=1), S2060F (n=1), D1762H (n=1) |
| PIK3CG | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 8 / 142 | 5.63% | — | 2 / 2 | 4.76–5.63% | E740K (n=3), L519F (n=1), W106R (n=1), G92E (n=1), E799K (n=1) |
| PAK5 | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 8 / 142 | 5.63% | — | 2 / 2 | 4.76–5.63% | Q220* (n=2), Q687M (n=1), G353S (n=1), G472E (n=1), G241E (n=1) |
| NOTCH4 | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 8 / 142 | 5.63% | — | 2 / 2 | 5.63–7.94% | D1678G (n=1), G185S (n=1), H1435Y (n=1), G1892R (n=1), A1608T (n=1) |
| NF1 | FDA biomarker2020 · 1 drug | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 8 / 142 | 5.63% | — | 2 / 2 | 4.76–5.63% | N1660T (n=2), X1554_splice (n=1), A1740V (n=1), H1558L (n=1), L2434I (n=1) |
| MDC1 | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 8 / 142 | 5.63% | — | 2 / 2 | 3.17–5.63% | E319K (n=1), A1534V (n=1), E1241K (n=1), G974R (n=1), D2045N (n=1) |
| ATM | FDA biomarker2020 · 1 drug | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 8 / 142 | 5.63% | — | 2 / 2 | 1.59–5.63% | L2388F (n=1), P2964L (n=1), G2063E (n=1), L2163R (n=1), R2032K (n=1) |
| APC | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 8 / 142 | 5.63% | — | 2 / 2 | 4.76–5.63% | E2603K (n=1), Y2645H (n=1), P2309L (n=1), P1733A (n=1), P1424S (n=1) |
| ALK | FDA biomarker2011 · 5 drugs | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 8 / 142 | 5.63% | — | 2 / 2 | 4.76–5.63% | E668K (n=1), G920D (n=1), G893K (n=1), P719S (n=1), X1358_splice (n=1) |
| TSC2 | FDA biomarker2010 · 1 drug | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 7 / 142 | 4.93% | — | 2 / 2 | 4.93–6.35% | A840V (n=1), P1446S (n=1), S1738F (n=1), R1122C (n=1), S132F (n=1) |
| PTPRS | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 7 / 142 | 4.93% | — | 2 / 2 | 3.17–4.93% | E366D (n=1), M1631T (n=1), E469K (n=1), G48Vfs*17 (n=1), W1769_E1770delins* (n=1) |
| POLE | — | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 7 / 142 | 4.93% | — | 2 / 2 | 1.59–4.93% | T1641I (n=1), S2093F (n=1), V1736D (n=1), A1198V (n=1), P56S (n=1) |
| PDGFRB | FDA biomarker2006 · 1 drug | by frequency | SNV / small indel | 7 / 142 | 4.93% | — | 2 / 2 | 4.76–4.93% | S930F (n=2), D78N (n=1), R332W (n=1), P38S (n=1), L724F (n=1) |
Cohorts
Listed in the disease profile, not searched: a name search returns the same patients under several accessions. Patients are unique patient ids in the study's sequenced sample list. Hypermutated: more than ten times the cohort's median non-silent mutations per sample, and at least 100.
| Cohort | Accession | Patients | Samples sequenced / in study | Assay | Panels (samples) | Build | Profiles read | Hypermutated patients | Median mutations / sample |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MSK-IMPACT 50K, Merkel cell carcinoma subset (2026) reference | msk_impact_50k_2026 | 142 observed | 144 / 54331 | targeted panel | IMPACT468 (59), IMPACT410 (46), IMPACT505 (20), IMPACT341 (19) | hg19 | SNV, small indel, amplification, deep deletion, structural variant (profile present, not read) | 0 | 1.0 |
| MSK-IMPACT 2017, Merkel cell carcinoma subset | msk_impact_2017 | 63 observed | 63 / 10945 | targeted panel | IMPACT410 (41), IMPACT341 (22) | hg19 | SNV, small indel, amplification, deep deletion, structural variant (profile present, not read) | 0 | 1 |
Copy-number events
Discrete calls from each study's copy-number profile: 2 is high-level amplification, −2 deep deletion. Gains and shallow losses are not counted. Denominators are the cohort's copy-number sample list, which differs from its sequenced list. Rows at 2% or more.
| Gene | Event | Observed patients | Tested patients | Frequency | Cohort | Profile |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RB1 | deep deletion | 5 | 63 | 7.94% | msk_impact_2017 | msk_impact_2017_cna |
| RB1 | deep deletion | 8 | 142 | 5.63% | msk_impact_50k_2026 | msk_impact_50k_2026_gistic |
| MYCL | amplification | 2 | 63 | 3.17% | msk_impact_2017 | msk_impact_2017_cna |
| EPHA5 | deep deletion | 2 | 63 | 3.17% | msk_impact_2017 | msk_impact_2017_cna |
| MYCL | amplification | 4 | 142 | 2.82% | msk_impact_50k_2026 | msk_impact_50k_2026_gistic |
| PDCD1 | deep deletion | 3 | 142 | 2.11% | msk_impact_50k_2026 | msk_impact_50k_2026_gistic |
| ZFHX3 | deep deletion | 3 | 142 | 2.11% | msk_impact_50k_2026 | msk_impact_50k_2026_gistic |
Cohort-aware frequencies
Each row is calculated from unique patients in that study's sequenced sample list. The range is descriptive; no pooled estimate is shown because cross-study overlap and assay comparability have not been checked.
| Gene | Range | Per cohort (altered / tested) |
|---|---|---|
| TP53 | 24.65–25.4% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 35/142 (24.65%) · msk_impact_2017: 16/63 (25.4%) |
| RB1 | 19.05–21.13% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 30/142 (21.13%) · msk_impact_2017: 12/63 (19.05%) |
| CD274 | 2.11–3.17% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 3/142 (2.11%) · msk_impact_2017: 2/63 (3.17%) |
| PDCD1 | 1.41–1.59% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 2/142 (1.41%) · msk_impact_2017: 1/63 (1.59%) |
| PIK3CA | 4.93–6.35% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 7/142 (4.93%) · msk_impact_2017: 4/63 (6.35%) |
| NOTCH1 | 11.11–11.97% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 17/142 (11.97%) · msk_impact_2017: 7/63 (11.11%) |
| KMT2D | 13.38–15.87% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 19/142 (13.38%) · msk_impact_2017: 10/63 (15.87%) |
| MYCL | 0.0–0.0% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 0/142 (0.0%) · msk_impact_2017: 0/63 (0.0%) |
| ATOH1 | null–null% | msk_impact_50k_2026: not assayed · msk_impact_2017: not assayed |
| SOX2 | 0.0–0.0% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 0/142 (0.0%) · msk_impact_2017: 0/63 (0.0%) |
| NCAM1 | null–null% | msk_impact_50k_2026: not assayed · msk_impact_2017: not assayed |
| LAG3 | null–null% | msk_impact_50k_2026: not assayed · msk_impact_2017: not assayed |
| NOTCH2 | 9.52–11.97% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 17/142 (11.97%) · msk_impact_2017: 6/63 (9.52%) |
| ROS1 | 9.52–10.56% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 15/142 (10.56%) · msk_impact_2017: 6/63 (9.52%) |
| NOTCH3 | 9.52–10.56% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 15/142 (10.56%) · msk_impact_2017: 6/63 (9.52%) |
| SMARCA4 | 9.52–9.86% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 14/142 (9.86%) · msk_impact_2017: 6/63 (9.52%) |
| KMT2C | 9.15–9.52% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 13/142 (9.15%) · msk_impact_2017: 6/63 (9.52%) |
| PTPRD | 6.35–8.45% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 12/142 (8.45%) · msk_impact_2017: 4/63 (6.35%) |
| MGA | 7.32–9.68% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 12/124 (9.68%) · msk_impact_2017: 3/41 (7.32%) |
| FAT1 | 7.94–8.45% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 12/142 (8.45%) · msk_impact_2017: 5/63 (7.94%) |
| ARID2 | 4.76–8.45% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 12/142 (8.45%) · msk_impact_2017: 3/63 (4.76%) |
| ERBB4 | 7.75–9.52% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 11/142 (7.75%) · msk_impact_2017: 6/63 (9.52%) |
| CREBBP | 6.35–7.75% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 11/142 (7.75%) · msk_impact_2017: 4/63 (6.35%) |
| ZFHX3 | 7.32–8.06% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 10/124 (8.06%) · msk_impact_2017: 3/41 (7.32%) |
| EPHA3 | 7.04–7.94% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 10/142 (7.04%) · msk_impact_2017: 5/63 (7.94%) |
| BRD4 | 6.35–7.04% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 10/142 (7.04%) · msk_impact_2017: 4/63 (6.35%) |
| BRCA2 | 7.04–7.94% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 10/142 (7.04%) · msk_impact_2017: 5/63 (7.94%) |
| SPEN | 4.76–6.34% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 9/142 (6.34%) · msk_impact_2017: 3/63 (4.76%) |
| RET | 6.34–6.35% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 9/142 (6.34%) · msk_impact_2017: 4/63 (6.35%) |
| PTEN | 4.76–6.34% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 9/142 (6.34%) · msk_impact_2017: 3/63 (4.76%) |
| IRS2 | 6.34–6.35% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 9/142 (6.34%) · msk_impact_2017: 4/63 (6.35%) |
| GRIN2A | 6.34–6.35% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 9/142 (6.34%) · msk_impact_2017: 4/63 (6.35%) |
| EPHA5 | 3.17–6.34% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 9/142 (6.34%) · msk_impact_2017: 2/63 (3.17%) |
| ARID1A | 6.34–9.52% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 9/142 (6.34%) · msk_impact_2017: 6/63 (9.52%) |
| ANKRD11 | 7.26–7.32% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 9/124 (7.26%) · msk_impact_2017: 3/41 (7.32%) |
| PIK3CG | 4.76–5.63% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 8/142 (5.63%) · msk_impact_2017: 3/63 (4.76%) |
| PAK5 | 4.76–5.63% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 8/142 (5.63%) · msk_impact_2017: 3/63 (4.76%) |
| NOTCH4 | 5.63–7.94% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 8/142 (5.63%) · msk_impact_2017: 5/63 (7.94%) |
| NF1 | 4.76–5.63% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 8/142 (5.63%) · msk_impact_2017: 3/63 (4.76%) |
| MDC1 | 3.17–5.63% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 8/142 (5.63%) · msk_impact_2017: 2/63 (3.17%) |
| ATM | 1.59–5.63% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 8/142 (5.63%) · msk_impact_2017: 1/63 (1.59%) |
| APC | 4.76–5.63% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 8/142 (5.63%) · msk_impact_2017: 3/63 (4.76%) |
| ALK | 4.76–5.63% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 8/142 (5.63%) · msk_impact_2017: 3/63 (4.76%) |
| TSC2 | 4.93–6.35% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 7/142 (4.93%) · msk_impact_2017: 4/63 (6.35%) |
| PTPRS | 3.17–4.93% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 7/142 (4.93%) · msk_impact_2017: 2/63 (3.17%) |
| POLE | 1.59–4.93% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 7/142 (4.93%) · msk_impact_2017: 1/63 (1.59%) |
| PDGFRB | 4.76–4.93% | msk_impact_50k_2026: 7/142 (4.93%) · msk_impact_2017: 3/63 (4.76%) |
What this page does not do
Structural variants
Read the structural-variant profiles the studies carry; fusions are the defining event in several of these diseases.
Context
Stage, subtype, age and treatment line are not attached to any count; the cohorts differ on all four.
Interpretation
Activating versus inactivating, actionable versus not, and evidence level are not inferred here; the briefing's target table carries the drug and trial facts.
Limitations
- A cBioPortal public-API snapshot retrieved 2026-09-26; the page does not refresh source data at request time.
- Counts are patients with at least one non-silent call in the study's sequenced sample list; silent, intronic and UTR calls are excluded.
- For targeted-panel cohorts each gene divides by the patients whose panel carried it; a gene absent from the panel is shown as not assayed, not as zero.
- Copy-number rows use discrete calls (2 = high-level amplification, −2 = deep deletion) against the cohort's copy-number sample list, which is a different roster from the sequenced one.
- Cohorts are not pooled. Cross-study patient overlap has not been checked and no disease-wide frequency is reported.
- Structural variants and fusions are not read in this snapshot even where the study carries a profile; germline variants, mutational signatures, TMB and MSI are not reported.
- The gene set is the briefing's curated targets plus the reference cohort's most frequently mutated genes; it is not genome-wide.
How a machine should read this page
- Denominators: every frequency divides by the patients in one named cohort on whom the gene could be called; there is no disease-wide figure.
- Missing values:
not_assayed(the panel did not carry the gene),not_observed(assayed, none found) andnot_evaluable(the cohort could not be read) are three different facts and are never converted to zero. - Counting: patients, not samples; several samples from one patient count once. Non-silent calls only.
- Copy number: a separate assay with a separate roster; discrete calls at ±2 only.
- Hypermutation: flagged per cohort; the headline keeps all patients and the frequency without them is reported beside it.
- Provenance: every value carries the study id, the retrieval date and the processing version; the source is the cBioPortal public API.
Machine endpoints: full landscape · genes · cohorts · the disease's own facts: /disease/merkel-cell-carcinoma.json.
Built by the BioTransfer briefings pipeline from the cBioPortal public API. The neuroblastoma page was assembled by hand and set the rules this page follows; how these are built.